1 Introduction Screen[1]

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UGANDA WATER SUPPLY ATLAS

2010

MINISTRY OF WATER AND ENVIRONMENT


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Produced by: Directorate of Water Development, Ministry of Water & Environment, 2010

FOREWORD

The Government of Uganda signed-

up to the Millennium Development

Goals (MDGs) and is commied

to the implementaon of the re-

cently launched Naonal Develop-

ment Plan (NDP) 2010/11-2014/15,

among others. Pillar 7 of the MDGs,

aims at reducing by half the per-

centage of the populaon without

access to clean water by 2015. This

implies raising access to 75 % by

2015. Under the Naonal Development Plan (NDP) the Gov-

ernment of Uganda has commied itself to ensure that 77 %of its rural populaon has access to safe water by 2015.

The Ministry of Water and Environment, as the lead techni-

cal arm in pursuing these aspiraons, also has the duty to

eecvely monitor, document and report progress towards

the above targets, for public awareness and improved ser-

vice delivery of water services. During the period 1999-2000,

the Ministry collected data and published its rst Water Atlas

which was launched in 2004. The Atlas became one of the key

planning instruments used by District Local Governments and

also played a role of guiding the sector Ministry in strategic

planning and inter and intra district resource allocaon for

new investments for water service delivery.

Spurred by the contribuon of the rst Atlas, but also con -

cerned by the need to capture and reect new developments

over the last 10 years, a new exercise to update the rst Atlas

was launched in 2009. The exercise aimed to improve scope

and relevancy of the data, as well as strengthen capacity in

data management at central (MWE) and district level. Each

water source (namely; point water sources and piped water

systems, as well as dams and valley tanks) in Uganda was visit-

ed physically to establish its geographical locaon, operaonal

status, current management structure and to gather other im-

portant parameters. This exercise was successfully completed

earlier this year and covered all the exisng District Local Gov-

ernments (total of 79 districts as of June 2010). The informa-

on collected in the eld has been processed and analyzed

by the Ministry of Water and Environment and is presented

in this Atlas, using maps, charts and tables, backed up by nar-

rave secons that are easy to understand for both technical

and non-technical users.

More than one thousand people in the country, at various

levels, have been involved in making this exercise a success!

I therefore take this opportunity to thank all Sector Develop-

ment Partners, Local Governments, NGOs, the Private Sector

and the Government of Uganda for their involvement and sup-

port during the producon of this updated naonal water At-las. I also wish to parcularly recognize the eorts of the peo-

ple involved in collecng the data in the eld and the WATSUP

Team that harmonized, processed and edited the data and

other outputs in the Atlas.

I am condent that this Atlas, like the previous one, will serve

as an invaluable tool in mobilizaon and resource allocaon

in the sector and in informing all polical and administrave

leaders at the various levels and the people of Uganda about

the current situaon in the provision of safe water services in

the country.

Finally, as we put the Atlas to use, we should all remember and

aim to further improve both the sustainability of services and

equitable distribuon of water facilies.

For God and my country,

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This Water Supply Atlas 2010 has been prepared to provide

stakeholders with good knowledge and informaon on maers

concerning the current safe water supply coverage, funconal-

ity and distribuon of water among others.

Acknowledgment goes to all the sta of the Ministry of Wa-

ter & Environment especially the Management Informaon Sys-

tem Unit, Technical Support Units (TSUs) and sta of the Naon-

al Water & Sewerage Corporaon (NWSC) who commied their

invaluable me and eort towards the update and subsequent

producon of the Water Supply Atlas 2010.

We also would like to acknowledge the contribuon from the79 District Local Governments that funded the data collecon

using their District Water and Sanitaon Condional Grant, the

approximately one thousand district water and extension sta

involved in data collecon in the eld and the consultants who

worked relessly to have this Atlas produced.

The Ministry of Water and Environment is grateful to the Wa-

ter and Sanitaon sub-sector Development Partners (Denmark,

Sweden, and Austria) who provided the required funds through

the Joint Partnership Fund. The Austrian Development Coop-

eraon is also appreciated for their addional support for pro -

vision of consultancy services in the eld of GIS (database and

map development). Special thanks go to UNICEF for the support

it oered towards the prinng of this Water Supply Atlas 2010.

It is sincerely hoped that this Atlas will be a very useful tool for

all stakeholders towards improving the eciency and eecve-

ness in service delivery, reporng and accountability in the wa-

ter and sanitaon sub-sector. Kids catching water from a tap stand in Mbale District


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD ......................................................................... III

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ....................................................... IV

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................. V

LIST OF ACRONYMS ............................................................ VII

1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................ 1

1.1 General informaon and objecve ........................... 1

1.2 The Water Atlas Up-date Project (WATSUP).............. 1

1.2.1 Historical background ............................................... 1

1.2.2 Scope of the survey ................................................... 2

1.3 Responsibilies ......................................................... 2

1.4 Financing ................................................................... 2

1.5 Data up-date and WATSUP follow-up acvies......... 2

1.6 WATSUP Database operaon and products .............. 31.7 Disclaimer and improvement for future edions...... 4

2. EXPLANATORY NOTES .................................................... 5

2.1 General notes and key assumpons ......................... 5

2.1.1 Informaon presented in this Atlas........................... 5

2.1.2 Sources of informaon.............................................. 5

2.1.3 Administrave units and populaon gures ..................5

2.1.4 Disncon between rural and urban areas............... 5

2.1.5 Improved piped and point water supplies ................ 6

2.1.6 Abandoned sources .................................................. 6

2.1.7 Presentaon of NWSC informaon .......................... 6

2.1.8 Point water sources in urban areas........................... 6

2.1.9 Denion of Regions................................................. 6

2.2 Indicator denions and calculaon formulas.......... 6

2.2.1 Indicator denions.................................................. 6

2.2.2 Formulas ................................................................... 6

2.2.2.1 Access........................................................................ 7

2.2.2.2 Funconality ............................................................. 7

2.2.2.3 Equity ........................................................................ 7

2.2.2.4 Management ............................................................. 8

2.2.2.5 Gender ...................................................................... 8

2.3 Presentaon of charts, maps and tables in the Atlas 8

2.3.1 Introducon .............................................................. 8

2.3.2 Charts ........................................................................ 8

2.3.3 Maps ......................................................................... 9

2.3.4 Tables ...................................................................... 10

3. NATIONAL REPORT ...................................................... 11

Chart 1. Access per district .................................................. 12

Chart 2. Funconality rates per district............................... 12

Chart 3. People served by technology ................................. 13

Chart 4. Reasons for non funconality ................................ 13

Chart 5. Type of management ............................................. 13

Chart 6. Source of funding................................................... 13

Chart 7. Soware overview ................................................. 14

Chart 8. Period of construcon point water sources........... 14

Chart 9. Period of commissioning piped schemes .............. 15

Chart 10. Funconality per technology at naonal level..... 15

Map 1. Populaon density per district ................................ 16Map 2. Access per district ................................................... 17

Map 3. Funconality per district ......................................... 18

Map 4. Equity rates ............................................................. 19

Map 5. Deep boreholes in Uganda ...................................... 20Map 6. People served by deep boreholes ........................... 20

Map 7. Protected springs in Uganda ................................... 21

Map 8. People served by protected springs ........................ 21

Map 9. Shallow wells in Uganda.......................................... 22

Map 10. People served by shallow wells............................. 22

Map 11. Public Tap stands in Uganda .................................. 23

Map 12. People served by public tap stands ....................... 23

Map 13. WfP facilies in Uganda ........................................ 24

Map 14. Rainwater harvesng tanks in Uganda .................. 25

Map 15. Piped water supply systems .................................. 26

Table 1. Key facts ................................................................. 11

Table 2. Golden indicators ................................................... 27Table 3. Water supply situaon analysis .............................29

4. DISTRICT REPORTS ....................................................... 31

CENTRAL REGION

KALANGALA ......................................................................... 33

KAMPALA............................................................................. 37

KAYUNGA............................................................................. 39

KIBOGA ................................................................................ 43

LUWERO .............................................................................. 47

LYANTONDE ......................................................................... 51

MASAKA .............................................................................. 55

MITYANA ............................................................................. 59

MPIGI ................................................................................... 63

MUBENDE............................................................................ 67

MUKONO............................................................................. 71

NAKASEKE............................................................................ 77

NAKASONGOLA ................................................................... 81

RAKAI................................................................................... 85

SEMBABULE......................................................................... 89

WAKISO ............................................................................... 93

EASTERN REGION

AMURIA............................................................................... 99

BUDAKA............................................................................. 103

BUDUDA ............................................................................ 107BUGIRI ............................................................................... 111

BUKEDEA ........................................................................... 115

BUKWO.............................................................................. 119

BUSIA................................................................................. 123

BUTALEJA ........................................................................... 127

IGANGA ............................................................................. 131

JINJA .................................................................................. 135

KABERAMAIDO .................................................................. 141

KALIRO ............................................................................... 145

KAMULI.............................................................................. 149

KAPCHORWA ..................................................................... 153

KATAKWI ............................................................................ 157

KUMI.................................................................................. 161MANAFWA......................................................................... 165

MAYUGE ............................................................................ 169

MBALE ............................................................................... 173

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NAMUTUMBA ................................................................... 177PALLISA .............................................................................. 181

SIRONKO............................................................................ 185

SOROTI............................................................................... 189

TORORO ............................................................................. 195

NORTHERN REGION

ABIM.................................................................................. 199

ADJUMANI ......................................................................... 203

AMOLATAR......................................................................... 207

AMURU.............................................................................. 211

APAC .................................................................................. 215

ARUA ................................................................................. 219

DOKOLO............................................................................. 225GULU ................................................................................. 229

KAABONG .......................................................................... 235

KITGUM ............................................................................. 239

KOBOKO............................................................................. 243

KOTIDO .............................................................................. 247

LIRA ................................................................................... 251

MARACHA-TEREGO ........................................................... 257

MOROTO ........................................................................... 261

MOYO ................................................................................ 265

NAKAPIRIPIRIT................................................................... 269

NEBBI................................................................................. 273

OYAM................................................................................. 277

PADER ................................................................................ 281

YUMBE............................................................................... 285

WESTERN REGION

BULIISA .............................................................................. 289

BUNDIBUGYO .................................................................... 293

BUSHENYI .......................................................................... 297

HOIMA............................................................................... 303

IBANDA.............................................................................. 309

ISINGIRO ............................................................................ 313

KABALE .............................................................................. 317

KABAROLE ......................................................................... 323

KAMWENGE ...................................................................... 327

KANUNGU ......................................................................... 331

KASESE............................................................................... 335KIBAALE ............................................................................. 339

KIRUHURA ......................................................................... 343

KISORO .............................................................................. 347

KYENJOJO .......................................................................... 351

MASINDI ............................................................................ 355

MBARARA .......................................................................... 361

NTUNGAMO ...................................................................... 365

RUKUNGIRI ........................................................................ 369

5. ANNEXES .....................................................................A1

Annex 1. WATSUP implementaon .....................................A2

Annex 2a. Watsup data collecon Form 1 ..........................A4

Annex 2b. Watsup data collecon Form 2...........................A5

Annex 3a. List of districts 2008 and 2010............................A6

Annex 3b. List of districts 2010 ...........................................A7

Annex 4. Ocial district, county and sub-county codes...... A8

Annex 4a. District codes ...................................................... A8

Annex 4b. County codes ...................................................... A8

Annex 4c. Sub-county codes................................................ A9

Annex 5. Sub-counes with rural and urban populaon... A13

Annex 6. Management and gender indicators .................A14

Annex 7. Details of piped schemes (excl. NWSC) ..............A16

Annex 8. Details of NWSC water supplies .........................A18

VI

CONTENTS


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LIST OF ACRONYMS

Avg Average

BH Borehole

CC City Council

CDO Community Development Ocer

DBH Deep Borehole

DP Development Partner

DRC Democrac Republic of Congo

DWD Directorate of Water Development

DWO District Water Oce(r )

DWRM Directorate of Water Resources ManagementDWSCC District Water and Sanitaon Coordinaon Commiee

DWSDCG District Water and Sanitaon Development

Condional Grant

EC European Commission

F Funconal

FY Financial Year

GFS Gravity Flow Scheme

GIS Geographical Informaon System

GoU Government of Uganda

GPS Geographical Posioning System

HH Household

IDP Internal Displaced Person

JPF Joint Partnership Fund

KCC Kampala City Council

KPI Key Performance Indicators

KSK Kiosk

LG Local Government

MC Municipal CouncilM&E Monitoring and evaluaon

MDG Millennium Development Goal

MIS Management Informaon System

MoLG Ministry of Local Government

MWE Ministry of Water and Environment

MWLE Ministry of Water Lands and Environment

NDP Naonal Development Plan

NF Non Funconal

NGOs Non-Government Organizaons

NWSC Naonal Water and Sewerage Corporaon

O&M Operaon and Maintenance

PS Protected spring

PPWS Pumped Piped Water Supplies

PSP Public stand post

QA Quality Assurance

RGC Rural Growth CentreRWHT Rain Water Harvesng Tank

RWSS Rural Water Supply and Sanitaon

RWT Rain Water Tank

S/C Sub-County

SIM Sector Investment Model

SIP Sector Investment Plan

SITAN Situaon Analysis

SPR Sector Performance Report

SSIP Sector Strategic Investment Plan

STWSS Small Towns Water and Sanitaon

SW Shallow Well

TC Town Council

ToR Terms of Reference

TOT Training of Trainers

TSU Technical Support Unit

UBOS Uganda Bureau of Stascs

UGX Uganda Shillings

UNICEF United Naons Internaonal Childrens Fund

UWSS Urban Water Supply and Sanitaon

VT Valley Tank

WASH Water, Sanitaon and Hygiene

WATSUP Water Atlas Update ProjectWfP Water for Producon

WRMD Water Resources Management Department

WSC Water and Sanitaon Commiee

WSS Water and Sanitaon Subsector

WSSB Water Supply and Sanitaon Board

WUC Water User Commiee

YT Yard tap

VII


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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Generalinformaonandobjecve

The 2010 Uganda Water Supply Atlas is a result of a naon-

wide baseline data collecon exercise carried out during the

Financial Year 2009/2010. It is based on a full census involv-

ing physical visits to each water source in the country, by dis-

trict water and extension sta. This data has been validated,

stored, analyzed and presented here through the use of maps,

tables, graphs and gures. For each water source, in-depth in-

formaon such as geographical locaon, year of construcon,

source of funding, ownership, current management structure

and operaonal status was gathered by data collectors.

The objecve of this Atlas is to give an overview of the watersupply situaon in Uganda as of June 2010. More detailed dis-

trict, sub-county and parish informaon including maps, tables

and specic data sets are available on request from the Minis-

try of Water and Environment headquarters in Luzira. There are

plans to also host this informaon through the internet.

1.2 TheWaterAtlasUp-dateProject(WATSUP)

Accurate and up-to date records of exisng water sources in

the country are crucial for the water sector, as they are the

basis for esmang access to safe water supply and allocaon

of new investments . It is also used by government and non-

government stakeholders for purposes of policy formulaon,

strategic planning, resource allocaon and accountability at

naonal and both inter and intra district levels. It is also key

for measuring ongoing performance and monitoring follow up

acvies in the sector.

It is against this background that the Ministry of Water and

Environment (MWE) through its Directorate of Water Devel-

opment (DWD), formulated and kick-started the Water Atlas

Up-date Project (WATSUP), which aims at up-dang the in-

ventory of water sources last carried out about a decade ago.

The WATSUP is part of the ongoing iniave to revitalize the

Water and Sanitaon sub sector Management Informaon

System (WSS-MIS). The central objecve of the WATSUP is to

improve accuracy, validity and accessibility of water sources

informaon in the sector. This Water Supply Atlas of 2010 isthe ulmate output of that acvity. The following secons give

a detailed overview of the WATSUP implementaon.

1.2.1 Historical background

Between 1998 and 2002 informaon on exisng point water

sources was collected by the districts with nancial and tech-

nical support from the then Ministry of Water, Lands & Envi-

ronment (MWLE) through a naonwide1 baseline survey. The

collected data typically included informaon on technology

type, locaon (administrave & GPS coordinates), operaonal

status, source of funding and ownership. With the collected

data, the MWLE produced a Rural Water Atlas that included

district specic informaon on point water sources as per2001 and derived coverage gures. These were presented in

1 Pader, Kitgum, Gulu and Amuru were not covered by the baseline survey due to insecurity in

the region at the me.

tables, charts and maps. In parallel to the collecon exercise,

a database for storage and analysis of the data was developed

and installed in all districts. As part of the MWEs decentrali -

zaon iniave of providing each district with a WSS-MIS, all

districts were supplied with a computer, GPS receiver and

mapping soware. Training was also given to District Water

Ocers in data collecon, database management and GIS

based map producon.

The major challenge since publicaon of the Atlas 2001 has

been the lack of regular updang of databases in the districts.

Reasons for this include: high sta turnover, understang,

lack of resources and poor maintenance of the storage so-

ware (databases). Consequently, to establish safe water cov-

erage The MWLE /DWD has had to use data from the annual

inventory of water sources2 carried out by each District Water

Oce. This provides data on the number and funconality of

water sources at sub-county level. Checks on the submiedinformaon however indicate that in many districts the data

varies signicantly over the years and since the data is not

geo-referenced it has proven dicult for the MWE to validate

its accuracy. As a result, many districts complain that the pre-

sented water coverage does not correctly reect actual condi-

ons at the district level.

Given the importance of i) data on water sources as a basis for

sector performance monitoring and ii) the dicules of vali-

dang the data submied under the exisng system, the MWE

decided to launch the Water Atlas Up-date Project (WATSUP).

Providing informaon to the public on water sources is one

important way of increasing transparency and accountabilityin the water sector.

2 Referred to as the Annual Situaon Analysis (SITAN), submied by DWOs as part of the District

Water and Sanitaon Development Condional Grant Annual Reporng.

IDP camps water supply in Kitgum District.

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(funconality) and other details of the exisng water sources

within their respecve districts. The updang process is of ut-

most importance for all plans, budgets and acvies carried

out in the water and sanitaon sub-sector in Uganda.

The above annual exercises will require ecient coordinaon

and funding. A separate budget line relang to regular data

up-date and analysis has been introduced in the work plan

and the progress reports under the District Water Supply and

Sanitaon Development Condional Grant (DWSSDCG).

In addion, each District Water Oce (DWO) is to ensure that

sucient funding under this budget line is allocated for the

updang of the data. Finally, it is foreseen that the data col-

lected through the WATSUP will be used for a number of ad-

dional acvies including; development of a standard pro-

cedure for wring-o (decommissioning) abandoned and/or

non-repairable water sources, pung in place a naonal wa-

ter source numbering system for sources/systems other than

boreholes (for which a naonal numbering system already ex-

ists) and evaluang the eecveness of current operaon and

maintenance (O&M) structures.

1.6 WATSUPDatabaseoperaonandproducts

During the previous baseline survey, a database (referred to asthe MIS/GIS Starter Applicaon Database) was developed for

storing and analysis of all data related to water sources. The

database was inially located at the central level but decen-

tralised to all the Districts4 in 2003. The database also captures

operaonal informaon about individual water sources, and is

linked to GIS soware, which is used to produce maps showing

geographical distribuon of water sources, among others. Un-

der WATSUP, the original database has undergone noceable

upgrading and now is referred to as the WATSUP database.

At the present me, the WATSUP database is operaonal at

the central level, where it is used to store, process and ana-

lyze all data collected through the baseline survey. A simpli -

4 Pader, Kitgum, Gulu and Amuru were not covered by the baseline survey due to insecurity in

the region at the me.

ed version of the database has also been installed at the TSU

level. It is expected that during the Financial Years 2010/11

and 2011/2012, a full version of the WATSUP database will

also be rolled out to all the TSUs and districts. The me frame

for roll-out will be determined district by district based on the

demand and technical capacity. The ulmate plan is also to

link TSU and district databases to the central system to allow

the general public to access selected informaon via the MWE

website.

The WATSUP database serves as a corner stone in the Water

and Sanitaon sub-Sector Management Informaon System

(WSS-MIS). Analysis of its data facilitates a large number of

standard reports. The informaon in this Atlas has been gen-

erated from the WATSUP database, however it can produce

many more reports than those presented here. In fact, any re-

port combining informaon as collected in the data collecon

forms (see Form 1 and Form 2 in Annex 2) can be produced.

Some examples of standard reports produced by the database

include:

1. Funconality and Access per administrave unit down to

parish level;

2. number of point sources per technology at district, sub-

county and/or parish level;3. number of non funconal sources per district, sub-county

and/or parish level, including specicaon of main reasons

for non-funconality and linkage to year of construcon;

4. operaonal status of communally managed sources, with

linkage to funconality of Water and Sanitaon Commiees;

5. details of composion of Water and Sanitaon Commiees

including specicaon of key posions held by women;

6. reason for non-funconality for piped water supply sys-

tems and linkage to source of funding;

7. electronic version of data collecon form for each wa-

ter source/piped system with details as per Form 1 and

Form 2 (refer to Annex 2).

TSU 8 Ofcer and data collectors from Kabale District in one of the inter-active WATSUP trainingsessions.

The District Water Ofcer, Koboko presents the district data collection plan together with an Ofcerfrom TSU 1.

INTRODUCTION

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In addion to the standard reports, the database can be que-

ried for specic informaon, such as: number of valley tanks

above 5,000 m, operaonal status of communally managed

boreholes per region, number of gravity ow schemes com-

missioned in the last ten years, number of non-funconal in-

stuonally owned point water sources in specic districts

or regions. The database also includes GIS related data for

use in producing themac maps at naonal, district, sub-

county and parish level.

Accordingly, and in order to bring the support services closer

to the districts, a decision was taken to as much as possible

decentralize the support to districts in GIS and data manage-

ment and provide it through the Technical Support Units.

In order to enable the TSUs to take up these new responsi-

bilies and to empower them with required skills, the MWE

formulated and implemented a capacity building program

aiming at strengthening the TSUs knowledge in all aspects of

data management. A number of trainings were carried out in

the course of the Financial Year 2009/10, e.g. data collecon

and mapping/techniques, database management and use

of GIS techniques in water sources mapping. The MWE alsopurchased GIS soware (ArcGIS 9.3) for all TSUs and selected

ocers from each TSU received in-depth GIS training. It is

envisaged that the TSUs will pass this knowledge on through

connuous provision of support to district sta under the su-

pervision of the MIS Unit.

1.7 Disclaimerandimprovementforfutureedions

This publicaon is a product of combined eorts of dierent

players. The MWE has made all eorts to ensure a high quality

input for the WATSUP database and subsequent outputs for

the Atlas. For certain outputs however, there are limitaons,

which are given in the explanatory notes.

This is the rst me that piped scheme and point source infor-

maon is presented together, which has resulted in some chal -lenges. For example, the informaon collected using Form 1

(point sources and taps stands) and Form 2 (piped scheme

informaon) do not always concur for overlapping data elds

(number of public and private yard taps). In the access calcula-

ons for the Atlas, the number of yard taps reported in Form 1

are considered as public yard taps (150 users per tap) while

the number of yard taps reported in Form 2 are considered as

private yard taps (24 users) have been used. Also, not all dis-

tricts have been able to submit informaon on piped schemes.

The MWE is working on priorizing future acvies for validat-

ing, updang, synchronising and integrang the two data sets.

Despite eorts to standardize data sets the Atlas likely sllcontains some minor errors in some of the outputs. Individu-

als and organizaons using the atlas are therefore encouraged

to contact the MWE, through their website (www.mwe.go.ug)

of any omissions and errors in order to ensure an improved

next edion of the Atlas.

4

INTRODUCTION

1 Introduction Screen[1]

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