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03-Wcdma Rnp Cw Test_20051214

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    Huawei Confidential. All Rights Reserved

    CW Test

    1.0

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    Internal Use

    Introduction

    CW test (Continuous Wave test) is an important stepof Propagation Model Tuning. With the CW testdata and Digital maps, the accurate PropagationModel could be gotten through model tuning.

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    Internal Use

    Principles and Purpose of CW test

    Sect ion 1 Propagat ion Models

    Section 2 Principles of

    Propagation Model Tuning

    Section 3 Purpose of CW Test

    Section 4 Basic Principles of CW

    Test

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    Internal Use

    Propagation Models

    )(dB log20log204532 )(f )(d . L MHz km fs

    Free space propagat ion m odel

    Stat i s t ica l propagat ion m odel

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    Internal Use

    Principle and Purpose of CW Test

    Section 1 Propagation Models

    Sect ion 2 Pr inciples of

    Propagat ion Model Tuning

    Section 3 Purpose of CW Test

    Section 4 Basic Principles of CW

    Test

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    Radio Propagation Model

    Propagation model is used to predict the effect of terrain,obstacle and artificial environment on the path loss.

    WCDMA common propagation models

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    Okumura/Hata modelFor: 900M 2000MHz

    COST231-Hata model

    For: 1500-2000MHz COST231 Walfish-Ikegami model

    For: 800M-2000MHz

    Keenan-Motley model

    For indoor propagationPropagation model in UNET

    For macro cell on 300M 2000M

    Common propagation models

    Radio Propagation Model

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    Radio Propagation Model

    L=K1 + K2log(d) + K3log(HTxeff) + K4 Diffraction+ K5log(d) log(HTxeff) + K6(HRxeff) + Kclutterf(clutter)

    K1: constant (dB)K2: multiplier factor of log(d)d: distance between Tx antenna and Rx antenna (m )K3: multiplier factor of log(H Txeff )HTxeff: effective height of Tx antenna (m)K4: multiplier factor of diffraction loss, which must be a positive valueDiffraction loss: diffraction loss through the path with barriers (dB)K5: multiplier factor of log(H Txeff )log(d)K6: multiplier factor of HRxeffHRxeff : effective height of Rx antenna (m)Kclutter : multiplier factor of for f(clutter)

    f(clutter): average weighted loss caused by clutter

    Model in UNET:

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    Principle and Purpose of CW Test

    Section 1 Propagation Models

    Section 2 Principles of

    Propagation Model Tuning

    Sect ion 3 Purpo se of CW Test

    Section 4 Basic Principles of CW

    Test

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    Purpose of CW Test

    Compare CW test datawith prediction results,and then tune thepropagation parametersto improve the accuracyof coverage prediction.

    GPS

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    Theory and Purpose of CW Test

    Section 1 Propagation Models

    Section 2 Principles of

    Propagation Model Tuning

    Section 3 Purpose of CW Test

    Sect ion 4 Basic Pr inciples of CW

    Test

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    Internal Use

    Basic Principle of CW Test

    TypificationThe CW test data must represent the characteristic ofelectromagnetic wave in this area.

    BalanceThe CW test data must represent the characteristic ofelectromagnetic wave by the proportion of differentclutters in this area.

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    Internal Use

    CW Test Workflow

    Section 1 Site Select io n

    Section 2 Building TestPlatform in Networking

    Section 3 Drive Test

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    Internal Use

    Site Selection

    Principles of site selection

    Number of sites: It is usually agreed that a minimum of 5 sites shouldbe tested in large and dense city, but one site is enough in the city,

    which mainly depends on antenna height and EIRP.

    Representation: Site selection should aim to cover all types of clutter

    (from the digital map) in the coverage zone.

    Multiple models: Define the corresponding zone of each model if thetest environment requires multiple models to describe its propagationcharacteristics.

    Overlap: Increase measurement overlap area between each site as

    much as possible. But reasonable inter-site distance should be ensured.

    Obstacle: The data should be filtered in the subsequent processing ifobvious obstacle exists.

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    Site Selection

    Standards of site selection

    a. Antenna height should be greater than 20m.

    b. The antenna should be 5m higher than the nearest obstacle.

    c. The obstacle mainly refers to the highest building on the roofwhere the antenna is installed. The building where the site islocated should be higher than average height of surroundingbuildings.

    5 m

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    Internal Use

    CW Test Workflow

    Section 1 Site Selection

    Sect ion 2 Bui ld in g TestPlat form in Networking

    Section 3 Drive Test

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    Internal Use

    Building Test Platform in Networking

    Tx subsystem: Tx antenna, feeder, high-frequency signal source andantenna holderRx subsystem: test receiver, GPS receiver, test software and laptop

    High frequency signalsource

    Signal source TMA

    Power supply

    Tx antenna

    Rx antenna Drive testinstrument

    Build-in GPS

    Laptop

    RF cable 1 RF cable 2

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    Internal Use

    Building Test Platform in Networking

    Record the gain of the following parts on signals during

    networking:

    Tx power of signal source

    Loss of RF cable

    Gain of Tx antenna

    Gain of Rx antenna

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    Internal Use

    CW Test Workflow

    Section 1 Site Selection

    Section 2 Building TestPlatform in Networking

    Section 3 Drive Test

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    Internal Use

    Drive Test

    Keep to the following standards to select a test path

    Landform: The test route must cover all main landforms in the area.

    Height: The test route must cover landforms with different height inthis area if the landforms are up-and-down.

    Distance: The test route must cover different positions from thesite in the area.

    Direction: The test points must be consistent on the horizontal andvertical route.

    Length The total distance of one CW test should be longer than60km.

    Number of test points: The more, the better.Overlap: Overlap the test route in different sites as much aspossible to improve the reliability of models.

    Obstacle: Shadow areas behind this wall should be avoided whenantenna signals are obstructed by the wall at a side.

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    Drive Test

    Lee criteria for sampling: 50 samples by 40 The maximum vehicle speed: V max =0.8 /Tsample Delete test results from the sampled data under abnormal conditions:

    Fading over 15~30db without reasonable causesIn tunnelsUnder the viaducts

    Select test routes from the main lobe coverage area if directionalantennas are adopted for a CW test.

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    Internal Use

    Table of Contents

    Training.huawei.com

    Chapter 1 Theory and Purpose of CW Test

    Chapter 2 CW Test Workflow

    Chapter 3 Analysis of Test Data

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    Internal Use

    Analysis of Test Data

    Section 1 Data Fil ter ing

    Section 2 Data Dispersion

    Section 3 Data Binning

    Section 4 Format

    Conversion

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    Internal Use

    Data Filtering

    Data to be filtered is as follows:

    1. Data tested in the places whereGPS is unable to locate

    accurately (such as under the

    overhead rack, in the tunnel).

    2. Data obtained when the

    distance to antenna is too near

    or far.

    3. Data obtained with too weaksignals.

    4. Error data caused by inexact AP(antenna pattern).

    5. Other data inconsistent with the

    requirements during the route

    design of CW test.

    A l i f T t D t

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    Analysis of Test Data

    Section 1 Data Filtering

    Sect ion 2 Data Dispers ion

    Section 3 Data Binning

    Section 4 Format

    Conversion

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    Internal Use

    Data Dispersion

    Propagation in mobile communications can be indicated asfollows:

    r(x) = m(x)r 0(x) X: distancer(x): received signalsr 0(x): Raileigh Fadingm(x): local mean value, the combination of long-term fading

    and space propagation loss2L: average length between sampling areas, also called

    intrinsic length

    L x

    L x

    dy yr L

    xm )(2

    1)(

    Data Dispersion

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    Internal Use

    Data Dispersion

    The CW test is to obtain the local mean value of each geographylocation in some areas as far as possible, i.e. the difference of r(x) andm(x) should be the minimum value. In this sense, effect of RaileighFading should be excluded.

    When the intrinsic length equals 40 wavelength and the number of

    sampling points is 50, the difference of test data and actual local meanvalue can be less than 1dB according to Lee criteria.

    Intrinsic length is average length for binning (2G band is 6 m long,namely, 40 wavelength)

    Since the locating speed of GPS is far lower than the receiving speedof the receiver, the dispersion processing is required before thebinning.

    D Di i

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    Internal Use

    Data Dispersion

    The principle of dispersion processing is as follows:

    Conditions:There are many test records arranged under eachlocating point in time sequence because the receivingspeed of the receiver is far higher than the locatingspeed of GPS.

    The vehicle speed between two locating points isuniform.The time interval between every two measurementrecords is the same.

    Processing:Equally distribute these records to the route sectionbetween two points in time sequence so that there willbe sufficient points in every 6m range on test route.

    A l i f T D

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    Internal Use

    Analysis of Test Data

    Section 1 Data filtering

    Section 2 Data Dispersion

    Sect ion 3 Data Binning

    Section 4 Format

    Conversion

    D Bi i

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    Internal Use

    Data Binning

    Objectives:

    Reserve the impact of slow fading but eliminate the fast fadingMethods:

    Method 1: make grids for the whole area with 6m side, performthe arithmetic average for the data located in each grid, andthen take the grid center as the new location.

    Method 2: divide the path into sections in equal interval with 6mfor each, and perform the arithmetic binning for the data in eachsection to select some point for the location of mean value.

    Tool: CW Data Editor

    A l i f T t D t

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    Internal Use

    Analysis of Test Data

    Section 1 Data Filtering

    Section 2 Data Dispersion

    Section 3 Data BinningSect ion 4 Format

    Convers ion

    Format Conversion

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    Internal Use

    Format Conversion

    The data format exported by Agilent E74xx Series is

    Data format imported to UNET is

    Format conversion can be implemented manually (savedas .dat file)

    X Y CW_Power_List__ Freq__Hz

    CW_Power_List__Ampl__dBm

    Time Date

    X Y CW_Power_List__Ampl__dBm

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    Huawei Confidential. All Rights Reserved