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01402311 I

Biochemistry I

01402311 I (Biochemistry I) 2(2-0)

: 01403221 01403223

Cells and cell components; structure and functions of water in cellular

biochemical processes; buffer solutions; structure, properties, functions of

carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, enzymes and coenzymes; and

applications.

(3 ) . 11%

(5 ) . 17%

(5 ) . 17%

(4 ) . 13%

(5 ) . 16%

(5 ) . 16%

?

1. (Molecular level)

Carbohydrate,

Lipid, Protein, Nucleic acid, Vitamin, Hormone

2. (Metabolism level)

(Anabolism) (Catabolism)

3. (Regulatory level)

0140231101402311 I I

Wohler

Buchners

Sumner

Flemming

Mendel

Meischer

Watson Crick

..1828: Wohler

Friedrich Whler

The first organic compound to be synthesised from

inorganic starting materials.

"I must tell you that I can make urea without the use of kidneys, either man or dog.

Ammonium cyanate is urea."

This synthesis undermined the Vitalism Theory, by showing that

organic compounds could be synthesized from inorganic materials.

Buchners

The winner of the 1907 Nobel Prize

in Chemistry for his work on fermentation.

EduardEduard BuchnerBuchner

Sumner

James BJames B. . Sumner Sumner

Flemming

German anatomist Walter Flemming recognized and explored the fibrous network within the nucleus, which he termed chromatin. (Flemming

had actually discovered the chromosome)

Drawing of mitosis by Walther Flemming. (F. C. W. Vogel, Leipzig, 1882).Reproduced from Flemming, W. Zellsubstanz, Kern und Zelltheilung

Mendel

Meischer

Friedrich Miescher, The man who discover DNA.

Miescher carried out for the isolation, analysis and

characterization of DNA.

Johannes Friedrich Johannes Friedrich MiescherMiescher

Watson Crick

James Watson and Francis Crick,James Watson and Francis Crick,

crackers of the DNA code, in 1959crackers of the DNA code, in 1959

Biophysics

1. C,H,O,N,P

2.

3.

(Prokaryotic)

- DNA

1. prokaryotic cell 2. eukaryotic cell

Kingdom Monera

(, )

,

nucleoid

organelles

Kingdom Protista (,

)

Kingdom Fungi (, , )

Plantae (, )

Animalia ()

,

cytoplasm cytosol

organelles

http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm

Cell Animation

A plant cell

An animal cell

?

- - - -

H

hydrophilic

-

-

The coating also has a hydrophilic property that makes water droplets spread out, or sheet, across the surface of the glass.

hydrophobic

-

-

-

amphipathic

- hydrophilic hydrophobic

- detergents ( )

amphipathic

Membrane Structure

Na+ O O

O : O

H H

Cl- H

: OH

()

physiological pH

pH pH

physiological pH pH 6.8-8.0 pH

bicarbonate phosphate

http://www.waterontheweb.org/under/waterquality/pH.html

Henderson-Hasselbalch

pH = pKa + log

pH

[A-][HA]

pH pKa

pH 1

pKa

Henderson-Hasselbalch

pH 4.00

pKa 4.00 (3.75)

(pKa = 4.76)

0.1 M sodium formate

pH = 4.00 (Ans. = 0.178 M)

0.1 M pH 4.00 NaOH

The endThe end

Blog Biochem

www.gotoknow.org/blog/biochem

I (20 10 %) 1. . collagen . benzene

. -amylase . cellulose 2. cell membrane . phospholipids . peptidoglycan

. glycoside . lignin 3. Whler . ammonium cyanate . ribose

. urea . ethanol 4. Buchner . .

. . ethanol 5. Meischer . DNA .

. phospholipids . ATP 6. urease Sumner . . . . 7. 100 nm ( 2 mm) . 1,000 . 2,000

. 10,000 . 20,000 8. . 1 m . 1 nm

. 0.1 mm . 1 9. prokaryote . ribosome . cell membrane

. nuclear membrane . cell wall 10. . cell wall . lysosome

. vacuole . chloroplast 11. organelle organelle . cell membrane . ribosome

. Golgi complex . lysosome 12. organelle . endoplasmic reticulum . ribosome

. chloroplast . mitochondria 13. carbohydrate . cell wall . cell membrane

. cell membrane fungi . cell membrane 14. mycoplasma . nucleus . ribosome

. cell wall . genome 15. amphipathic . palmitic acid . acetic acid

. galactose .

16. . .

. . 17. . fructose .

. phospholipids . ethanol 18. . .

. . 19. pH physiological pH . .

. . 20. . pH .

. .

I ______________________________ ___________________ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

01402311 I ?..1828: Wohler Buchners Sumner Flemming Mendel Meischer Watson Crick (Prokaryotic) H hydrophilic hydrophobic amphipathic amphipathicMembrane Structure physiological pH Henderson-Hasselbalch pH 4.00The endBlog Biochem