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Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaQASEEM UNIVERSITYScientific Research Deanship
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Sky Quality Meter28
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: : ( ) : . . . . . . . . . .
. . 1433 - 2012
: 10 ( 1432) 16 (-16 ). 1426 .
1. . : : .. : [endnoteRef:1] . [1: (18774) , (889) (3016)(3044) (3015) .]
2. : .
3. : :3.1 .3.2 .3.3 ( ) (-18 ) .3.4 () .3.5 .3.6 Sky Quality Meter .
4. : .
1:1000000 1:500000 1:250000 ( ) () 160 (1) (2).
: 34 37 41 45 46 63 70 81 81 81 60 . 81 .
( ) 40 583 : N2659470 E04429798 300 60 . (1) .: .[endnoteRef:2] [2: 1419 .]
(2) .: [endnoteRef:3] Google Earth 2012. [3: Google Earth 2012]
5. : 7 . 150 " ". ( ) . ( ) ( ) . . 2011 (1).
(1) .
2011 (2012) 2012 . . 150 ( 300 ) 60 . . .
6. : . .
(2) . . . . Sky Quality Meter . 30 (2) .
7. : : : .[endnoteRef:4] [4: 1/97 1395.]
: : .. .[endnoteRef:5] [5: 3/44 .]
() : : . : : . : . . . : . . : : : : : : : : . : [endnoteRef:6] . [6: 3/248 .]
: . : : : [endnoteRef:7] . [7: 3/251 .]
: : : [endnoteRef:8]. : : : [8: 3/253.]
... [endnoteRef:9] [9: 3/260.]
: : : . . : 3038- : : : [endnoteRef:10]. [10: 3/261 .]
. ( ) ( ) ( ) () () () () () . 12-19 1406 : ": ( ) (18) " [endnoteRef:11] . [11: www.themwl.org/Fatwa/default.aspx?d=1&cidi=110&l=AR&cid=11 : . .]
6-10 1424 31 2003 4 2004[endnoteRef:12]. [12: http://e-cfr.org/ar/index.php?ArticleID=280]
: : - : - [endnoteRef:13] : [endnoteRef:14]. [13: www.ibnothaimeen.com/all/khotab/article_385.shtml] [14: 2/112-113 1415 .]
( ) : : ( ) [endnoteRef:15]. [15: . 5 1428 .]
.... .
8. The Zodiacal Light: [endnoteRef:16] . [16: www.skyandtelescope.com/community/skyblog/observingblog/86394942.html]
The zodiacal band ( ) . . (3) 30 (3) [endnoteRef:17] ecliptic. [17: www.weatherscapes.com/techniques.php?cat=astronomy&page=zodiacallight]
(3) () .
(3) : TheSky Professional Edition Astronomy Software.
1400 : : [endnoteRef:18] 1690 Gian Domenico Cassini[endnoteRef:19] (4). [18: 13.] [19: www.infoplease.com/ce6/sci/A0853475.html]
(4) .
: " [footnoteRef:1] "[endnoteRef:20] . . 2010 ( ) 5[endnoteRef:21] . [1: ] [20: www.waqfeya.com/book.php?bid=2831 (2010) ] [21: .]
18 Astronomical Twilight .
9. False dawn: : : " .."[endnoteRef:22] [22: . ]
4 .
10. 17 (1) 10 4 10 7 .
(2) 16 10 . 1426. .
(1) .
18 143117 20104 ( )
228 1431 7 201010 ( )
3 28 1431 5 201010 ( )
4 3 14329 20107 ( )
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610 1432 13 20117 ( )
7 1432 ( 2011) .
8 ( 2011) .
9 ( 2011) .
109 1432 10 20116 ( )
1128 143230 20118 ( )
1229 143230 20115 ( )
1312 14336 20125 ( )
14 7 143330 20126 ( )
15 1433 ( 2012) .
16 1433 ( 2012) .
(2) .
117 20104:39015.8
27 201004:4616
35 201005:0016.3
49 201005:2016.7
513 201105:2816.5
610 201103:4316.5
730 201103:4916.2
830 201104:0816.2
96 201205:4015.6
1030 201204:4715.6
11 16
(3) . (3) .
()
117 20104:39005:4801:09
27 201004:4605:5801:12
3 5 201005:0006:1501:15
49 201005:2006:4001:20
513 201105:2806:4101:13
610 201103:4305:0701:24
730 201103:4905:1101:22
830 201104:0805:2501:17
96 201205:4006:5201:12
1030 201204:4705:5501:08
11 01:15
(4) (4) (-18) 6 12 9.4 . (4) .
()
18
117 20104:39004:2712
27 201004:4604:379
35 201005:0004:528
49 201005:2005:137
513 201105:2805:226
610 201103:4303:358
730 201103:4903:3811
830 201104:0803:5711
96 201205:4005:2911
1030 201204:4704:3611
11 ()9.4
: (4)
(5) .
(5) .
:
(16) (18)(17.5) [endnoteRef:23] [23: www.icoproject.org/%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AF-%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B1-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A1_ad-id!81.ks]
(14.6)
11 05:3605:2705:2905:4305:33
21 05:3605:2705:2905:4205:33
31 05:1605:0705:0905:2205:13
41 04:4204:3304:3504:4904:39
51 04:0903:5804:0104:1604:06
61 03:4803:3603:3903:5503:44
71 03:5003:3903:4203:5803:47
81 04:1003:5904:0204:1704:07
91 04:3004:2004:2304:3604:27
101 04:4504:3604:3804:5104:42
111 05:0104:5204:5405:0704:58
121 05:2005:1105:1305:2705:17
: 400 30 Canon EOS 5D Mark II : 16 mm Focal length 30 Exposure time 30 s F/2.8 Shutter speed value 32.000000 s. .
11. Sky Quality Meter: Sky Quality Meter (SQM) (4) 21.23 21.56 magnitudes/arcsecond2 Sky Quality Meter .
(4) Sky Quality Meter (SQM).
12. : 10 ( 1432) 16 (-16 ). .
13. :
