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. CONTENTS EDITORIAL ADVERTISING POLICY FORUM EDITORIAL FLU VACCINE AND HAJJ IMPLICATIONS Article 1. REPRODUCTION RESPONSES OF HEAT STRESSED HOLSTEIN COWS SUPPLEMENTED WITH CHELATED CHROMIUM Article 2 OSTEOPOROSIS : INFLUENCE OF LIFESTYLE AND TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS AGED MEN Article 3 HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS IN MAKKAH, KlNGDOMOF SAUDI ARABIA Article 4 EXPERlMENTAL ST UDY OF THE I-V C HARA CTERl STIC OF GaN- METAL O NTACT Article 5 SOME CULTURAL CONDITIONS FOR MAXlMUM BIOEXTRACTION OF GRAPEFRUIT WASTE PECTJN BOOK REVIEW IS THERE AN ETHICIST IN THE HOUSE? On the Cutting Edge of Bioethics FORTHCOMING AND FUTURE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES AND SYMPOSIA
9

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Page 1: . CONTENTS - Sudan University of Science and Technology · contents . editorial . advertising policy . forum editorial . flu vaccine and hajj implications . article . 1. reproduction

bull

CONTENTS

EDITORIAL ADVERTISING POLICY

FORUM EDITORIAL FLU VACCINE

AND HAJJ IMPLICATIONS

Article 1 REPRODUCTION RESPONSES OF HEAT STRESSED HOLSTEIN

COWS SUPPLEMENTED WITH CHELATED CHROMIUM

Article 2 OSTEOPOROSIS INFLUENCE OF LIFESTYLE AND

TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS I~fMIDbLE AGED MEN

Article 3 HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS

IN MAKKAH KlNGDOMOF SAUDI ARABIA

Article 4 EXPERlMENTAL STUDY OF THE I- V

CHARACTERlSTIC OF GaN- METAL ONTACT

Article 5 SOME CULTURAL CONDITIONS FOR MAXlMUM

BIOEXTRACTION OF GRAPEFRUIT WASTE PECTJN

BOOK REVIEW IS THERE AN ETHICIST IN THE HOUSE

On the Cutting Edge of Bioethics

FORTHCOMING AND FUTURE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES AND SYMPOSIA

REPRODUCTION RESPONSES OF HEAT STRESSED HOLSTEIN CO tV s SLPPLElENTEU VITH CHETATED C HRO IJl lJl

M Y AI-SaiadyA Makkawi A Azizb H H Mogawe~ T A AI-Showeimia H A

Ibrahims and M_A AI-Shaikhc

~ I~ SC() 1ltCdidl ltlmiriol1 f Tcchnicil Slrvice DqulHltlll PO f) x i~4-S middotfiytltih II S9 K middotII- i ~d1l1 Iii IIdi

VClbij II D~f-LtllI r I -nilJl-IJ p()d(J( I ()(I Cu~Ict r grjeulnJr-J SluJiJ~~ SuJ nfl UrlJmiddotlToily lJl ScjClI 1 middot1middotIllldcy

c DL~flllI 41 1Anirnl1 PrmlUCli(lll C()lk~c Ol griCllltuI( Kirlg S1Jlj Unlty cl_ I J4Ii() III Ygt1l111 114 I

Kill~kIi~1 II ~ lIdi phi ~ 1

ABSTRICT On~ IWIl(iru i pUc lparlll[l1 IIlUilipnolJ s ThlSft-in

la(r~ltillg c(JlV - V(le used iO study tl1~ elCecl (If

cl1tlI[1 (illnll1iulTI -iuppemelll~li()n on

rejllOd lIel i pEr formallcc of Ho I lLi II CC)middotS

under srlli-driti Clllj [011 lll rn The cxpcrirncmal

(I 11 irn a I wen lil1durnly divjel(d inlOlvQ groups 50 (OW i 11 CJch rhe lirCl group IlIS feu a

COlttlol di(~1 rOT lwdVL 1l101lllls while llie ~(COlld

ln)lJjl ias fu a con1ro l diet for 9 mumbs then

ftd the c()llIJol Jiet lJpplemenleJ wilh clir)nliuf] cnS( during he summer mOJlrll s (illly Jgi)ST 111d Ser1emtiel) Cillomiull1 Va aJJnl a m lI11lLlcturcr s rccol1111l(1Il1c u Jci

(I i litil lidltl 1 The t(Iag ill ) lIHU I)1 ancl lliulJJlIJIlI Ii) 1(lrll~t~I-JTlHC r ri11rill2 rhf lt11I1 11Wshy

mon1hs (c1i( arlu 25_00C fCPCClivc]y The IVlII~ kllIPIiIUIlt- llutllidicy indo wltisSI 6 Ull it~ Jdding chromiulY YC8Q tn the dt(t of

uair_gt 11) siglli iic-111l1y (PlaquoL01) uCCfeJscu cilving inte[val (45101+1213 to 41361+920) d)) npel (174 2+-11 to l J(77+Sl(n) ilild llltllibn 01 s trice~ per C()[Jceplion (S111 USR l()

175+0431 CJlnillllulll also silIi iiCilllly alto() I) inu (gtl~(1 COfJu~ption r(l le at J

inscmillullorl (I S() III 1 middot1 9 C and cdvill I-tc

191 _X4- r) 9~05(( PltOOJ) Il is cuncluded lhat

JdcliJlg j leliled chromillin to lilc diet of dlry CO S lilhkr he~I tre significJnny improved iqnli11 t i vc PIId II )LI( r

Kcyord Chromium - Dliry c_ICIe - l k1l ~t rcs l~cpfl)(hlei(n

lNTIOllllC fH)N HClI qr I frequent Iy JcfillLd ot~ unIl1T1rlg

WhCnt W1 Ihe IYICIHIl IT hUlllidiry ind x (THt) l middot~ ( i d T~ 1_ lt1 m h a ~ lon ~ ~een recogl1i7cd as a

1 1 I IkJl n middotj l l l l hOlh the PI )d L1Cti v ily and T( ~p r~ t j i jll1l ltIf -11I f ( ws High

cflvironmrntaJ l c lOJ-lCraturz Ins bCLn rqJfll d 1(1

reduce rcprodllct ivt parlmrlu In di jrlr(~Il[ i ~

(leur) hrtcd Ll(Lllioll 1I1i1 cl1vjmlllllclli11

conuiliollo Hlai[dy euional variali(11 iu m

llIl1P(I 8tll[ 1TC comitLleu Llhyl ()kgictilll~ ~

Ilwt ncd ~ iQnificanl illnUtl1Lcmiddot OJI 11( h _ Imiddot rl I I-J 11rep[()(IUCllie p YSIO Of ot lIry ( 1111 middot middot _

Vushburn et aI and lvToorc lt1 til 1ltJVC

reported rh[lt thl avcrgc Jaylt OpLlI ~tJ)(J ~LTi cL

per concepi011 increased in both lluigtlcill 1llJ Jer~cy herJs hen ltlmr ienL Lernr~ ra[ltn~ jmTeil~c(L )ltilY (( (fIll reported (-t11 cmv Urltle- I

healWE~ hud the 1()11 fq c d villt il I(~t 11111

rcqujn~cl tlie most ~ cn-icc~ per corlCcplill The rj~e in ambielli lm~1-(iilUrG durillg lI ()n I 1_1 1-

as()ctukrJ vVilll COllCClllilln ( 1)( ((I( I iliil

ikcJilicJ frUTH 6) lo middot1 - llL11 re ctal t(mperltlrur inci ltcd l C - iord1lI I lit

J7Cartmill Cl I11 ltIl)d lngnl)am d u I - f(~pullcJ Lhal CR uccli ncJ from 6 ( 10 Ylf)~ vhCf1 Ihe

THf jtl C rCl ~co from 6g to n JI)rcilll

eV21luuten firsl ltel~Y(CI in l h~ld v-il]l d ()O d

volufilary v liLiflg pe-ri((j mclrcj)or1ed th ~H 1(1-

cal Ving ill [llc summer hpoundJd lh l 11 C Imiddotj -1shy

ltcrvic conception rale

ChJUllliwil (Cr) is teTlerally kr)(v[) as a nutrient rllar I)Or~ntiatc instl1ill tCtioll alJe lim i ll fllJ~ ncei carh(hydra[c~ lipid nr 11 middot11-111

l1lcLn)nliTTl 9 Chromium htnt in-lIlill 10 CtlI

1l1tmblane receplur oi l~ eVlle ri ~ W-LIHI tronsport gillco( ~ I1d lIrlinn ~Ic i ds jll ~ ldc rI e ce1J20 _ By lt)plimiill~ inilJlill 1 ~ Jii y 11 1((

uptt ke by celb i- hdLel- ngLlI~trd litc l-ehy

controlling blood glucuse level W id JI IX I II JII~ ff1cIT Y polenti Jl_

The C()IIII~ i lL(i~ un 1i n1l1 J IIl i 1 ( I

nRC)~ ~val lJ lr 1 IK still I 1

-

~llpplcl1lcnlmi()n rOrll ilven srujics pcrfmmcd III (1~ iIY rHlk lWCnLY stUC]l( j1eriormcd iniJccf cirtl e m J sevell studies pcdOflllxl iTl ~ heep The [I)li ll c()rc lus iom wtrt illcon)ist cncy tHllOllg Lile

h ulls nf thGs- slud les WIU in lltt l lienc) ur lJilahk da ta gC IlGralc( tjom thcn l III altcs Cr l c qlil(~ llIelll~ foc fum inI1S It Via also c )JI ~ hJ kd tkll dielry supp[emeJl(alioti uf Cr LuulJ hL hCllcficial fur the Ilcallh arid vell bGitlg

of 11111lllClllLgt durillg ([me ~ of Slfcss Chmmillll1

~Urplclll(ntuLi()rl (ltuscd lt) deCL~~ ill S( IUlll

corti sol cO l1celllntLions 1I(1l red to SticltsGd hrdcf (tIe~ andalLrrefl il l HrJL)(Ilt rtp() ncs of IaL~ Ll ([llg cl1iry co~ lld INeanj (a lvcs~ ~)

TlJll s i l iOn (rom ges( t lioJl LD laClJliOll j ~ I

tre rncrllltl ~ challenge in Ii I i fgt COIVS

(iJLlll l lller IC[()rLtci G~car SiflS of tlcpallc jil1iclusj~ at1d kelo[lcrniJ of v[lryiiiS (kgre(~s 01

c1(rity Jurlng 1hr [x riparLClIicll[ period Tilese 1l1(l~lh ()l i cll orJcri IIr assuc iaLed tirh o th er 11 1(~Ilttb ulic Vnd r(llnG~ llld r(prodLJ(tiv~ 1l1cl

1 J I 0ni 1 1lillI gall l I scasc~

II (~j([ Y LLl li Di1 dit11 y ~[ltr~y i IH~-(

Ll i l I gt Illcel ~Ie l ~ i dc mlI1d s hir lliIIL~lir

bUi cceICS 11lt1 ~i lk y ideJ lClIllint ill Ili g rl

ITih j i l dcLi v i Ijc ~ llld nCYlt i V( C11 i lgy ht l i) I C l~

in diiy C(~V -t(c()mJani~d by lac t o~middotco i anJ

ill ICIld l ev~ 1 uf lip)fy~ i (111(1 LiecrclL)cd

l i llfJf( lI sjj ill ao i po tiStlc Thimiddot ill(naslt)

I LIll)lie il~ ellsi s Ind ~I)COgl~lllIjyjs in the ][ver

(lflCI ligt~ ILIdle ~ mobili ClLiofl CIt PIUIClll Te~erves

110111 HillCL tis~lle2-

C ()1l ~idcI(1 tll i I1 ll~ - cst Ilde recc nty IkI()ll(l~ ill lJ ~ in g C( itS tn~~ IYC~ll1i ( cLllnl

bull ~I-=i )1

1~1llIl ~ ~ pITj)MllIJll 1111 11(par[ulll pnuJ- - H -lt- litL Ie illtorrnlTion ilt il~lituhle 011 tile Ln ~C I (If SU Ill klTHrlli ng ch Oll li LIITI Oil

l JlJ(Ijlil ~ lie p c rr()Jma rh~ u f C V ~ ll ndcr IH)~

~ JII)]IICI co C rJiri~II Th( Olj lTljv~ of Illl r jxi ilHI1( I ~ In IUale the 1(gtPO I( or li() l ~ 1lPIUduLlldll jlMUTlCler lif OI le in

~(IW J_iI Sl])jlklllcnliil ( l li~ I llcI hl(gtm)ufl)

i llrillg IICl I I)()lll h ~

f1ATERIALS Id) fFTllODS jgtlJ ilA 1 - iI[) Vl l eTS

Tk I ld ~ ~ I j I I middotJw ry fl l r ll l tO 1 111 ()Llfh (If

- bull -cl YIi rl I Ii l ll j I Ulgt I l OW II Jndlc~lj

[1shy

triUlliplrulls 11()bld II bl LIIIJ1~ U T~ lJ ~~J

in lhi~ IlilL lhc ( XI1NirllVJJI1I p_r iod va 12 I ) 1 1-m onths an( cow~ pant) LIII ~ lt rl ()l ll 10

l l l larioll These dn imlh wue 1llldJJlI y ltl~ klkd

rrOn1 (he h-ru and rilllciNllly lIi lj kd i lilo Ii)

JOllpS vr SO (()~ CI CI1 lJll rnll[l 1- i(~(1

dliling 1he encire CXi~tljl TWrtl [ 1__Ij- d )[1 a

corn)o] diel (T lbk I) 111 j 10111111(1((1 tC

ha ve all the IleCcltIY Illi l ricnl 10 Inl or

(~ V(cJ the rcqutnrncllT s jJJIIIJltllllcd by Ihe

NRC-iO Tlle)t (ond gruur 11 [(if U lI)Iol (Illt

fin l ) montllgt and then - UpkIl1Cllllod ill l

dllUTllUlll yeagtl (Al ltcch [I li idl(iI I~ ilk [(y

L S J Chroll1l11ni W[ ldltl((1 11 fl 1lIwl aC 1Ll lac

fCcOrir lllllJcd 1(1( 1 (4t-illd idIY) IJIII ill g I llc

remJining rhree mOll1l III Jul y Alletht lIlil

Scplct1lhn hid l rL rlCC ~Il1( I rl ll 11( ILk-(

rIwnlll s anJ dlnillg liid 11ll JJlinLl I lll

u--ulily exposlJ II) [w 1 Ie C()W~ UI fed ~l

lOut mixed 1)li u ll (I MIlt ) c llli )ill j of (() (()llCClI lralc mE x till tiKI 4W 1()I l I~ i 1 I ( gt

vere Kept Il nckl all CV[~l 1iltlli (~ _on l i 11 ~ y~l(lI

dlli II~ SU TIllllt r m nlllli

ChelJell c ll romilJ lli i ~ I 1111 1 ilii I~j d

1i itkJll LIIIIIJ1illlll-ni ( ()[illi Jii l T 1 ili)

Ilpmds Ie gllllltllnic KicJ C i c il ilt lIl il Iein i( l ~ ploducd hy ~ilIII Y(l~ III l j11

c hr~Il)il J IIledt J (C hIUHI )lIlli IIgtl id() 111 vill iLh ihl ~lbc)ve = ltImino ~hid ~ VLli~ iWUllll T I)( l ypL o f Y(i( lIcd ws 1 ~ll-ijll ~f Viallit lll lllll~ 01

SIiICIw(onlni r(nilaf wilh Ull llI III l lilll 01

26 ll)~g TilL yeJgtT t1(11 died [11 I n if1inl-(d ((mpCrallJl~ during lhe (11)illiC [lnilC~ ()11gt__ 11 [nc -~idll~Ilvilk Ky U~gti Hj~JI dicer culllell) N(TC dCicrmilwJ accqrd jl (U UC

I

f ()r lnJdf pi ulci II 11) n 1 SI 1 I i lIh hUl1 iln

iraquo rraCI ILl no 9(J) I i j ci dCil l n( ti he

IAUI) ~ ll) d n e ll ) l CicllTfcn r li h1 IHH) VCIC

~bS[y((J u si ne 111lt (1 lph~i 1I1I I lelt Ill Il()1 o i 111

So )1 t (I) ~ ThL rl(~l t 1l lt r l 1 1111 h 1~llinl l r [ 1(1) CO ll ~ C l]tralioll (1 [ t i le di ~[ V-d (~I II I~I Cil Di i~lllrV rnk illrn ilnd [)liop I1l1l() II gt CIL

nt ( rflliumiddotLi I) J1 1I1Ii l ~hn lll i Jl

gt-ptc llopIKI(CltlllLlgt ( fluJc l 1[1 flll~ l) ~lljllJ1

S iC IIlifil CJTIlcridFej

PROTOCOL r em I rgtJs rJf [ I( )-j

CA [ VTN Ci c r D CH i( )111 bull~1

U 111 3vl [1ltJ~Tl Ur 111 order 1 IIl l middot- i f1i f l I 11 01 1

d Ol In l iU lllmr r W 11 _ ~

~ I C illl lIli 1111(0(1 ill J itd Wl 1I1 T k

-

juri rht [cliod l f JC[li~ -U)ll1 T ll i periclcI

nincikrJ will ) rl(~ pCik of helt ~ [rss ill lilc

cCIHmj IcgHl[l Th ~ C()i Ven~ agllii bred Iw ing Ihe arnc pcri()(l1 in order If cli v e

til Iu(f [I hlalTh ApJi I

RElgtRO[)U( 1 1VE 1 ~IlIITcl~ S R~proJliclj~ Jl1 8)la gclIILrll via)

[JnlClrnK U iKco rdlllf 10 Sl i W litlLl oplr1r ill pmnrurc 0 1 111C diliry ~lrld JIJ U)lv -vel breLl hy IItifiliiI irl(llliriril)l I~ f) The (o[JoINing

rq)l( l lillctiVL pr) lllue r VC1~ calculaleu for elch c() cIllill~ the IV I-c l1on tl) (J[ (11lt

cAperillenlat peri od

bull C1J illt il ller d

bull Nllrnbcr of sCIvilc pl f ((lTlccplion

bull Dil ys fWlHcaivillgto ( heaL

bull O~I~S from Cil lng 10 r irscmil1il(iol1 bull C onc[([01l rllt (Ire~nJn I covsilnscmini[c1

COWS)

bull C()[lcltpli oTi ( i t( f(ulTI 1 irlsemillill()ll

(PlcgnlIlt lt~ OoS fU ll first i Il elli i nll ioni J1~ tol n i n1l ~c1 IO-VS)

bull Caivill rlLL ((ltII t-I I middot cowlnt~I1illatcrl rII~)

1 ()r Ilt (~ middotdv Pmiddot IiH I ImiddotIll o h(T~ caicllJaled lor tck i (roup dllrill ~ I )h Xr-CIIIllCI1Tli pCJioq

AI1n I [NT TElP[R TURI LIinHll11 1110 n11ninllitll ltl lllbienl

elllpcllIl1n dry IIIU wtt- hulh temperatures -(Te recocl1 (1li Iy arH1 Tcrl1jlCralUre-H tJmi ()i I Y Indcx CIH I) was ~~ d(llJitccl KCl))dill~ lO fHlI -- 1 ( I ( I

TI(( 072(TJhmiddotI Tvlh) 11fJ6 Tdh-=ICl1lpc r IIIICG o f Icy hulb Tvh-~r jp(rit llIrc ltIf vet hu lh

STATISTICAL iJLSrS Dal1 t( ~ llbJc~ICCl to -talisticll

dn lly~ i ~ Ill fI Ii i SAS pr()grltn SAS J9SJ l lt

The gCl lCldJ l i ll~Il Illudel (jIf1 mil le J~Ishy lJ llalc Ill l IIl- (lStvlTMS) were appli~d lO lllC

di( it TIK~ cic ci 0 1 rrcarlTlcnJ 011 SOll)(

1(pn)(1LI i c paraillLltr~ 1gt- k~lcd lIll~ the lu i lmv i n~ Ill() lc 1

v ii llt r + l Vltcr(middot

bull Itt -bull - jmiddot Tmiddotmiddot 1I1n fi r I tH~ J l Jltal l1l( nl

ppu J 1(If n nt j(

1i

T = lrcHmclll U= I (1 2) eiJ ~ fcsid lIaJ emIr

JUSLLTS JETEOlltOIDC ](1 Co J)I[ r() NS

figure (I ) dGp i( l ~ Uli IlietC(j [() llg j~i ll elMii (( ~lir(kJ uurin g Ih~ (x pCriln c lll ~ tI rUl nd illh)u~11 al l )n im ah were kepi II t)( kr 111

cO lling S - ~ lcrn o f rhc farlll Jll rJI ~ lI~ r l lt) lt r months veJage TI I1 Wi ( 1(1 rigllfC (J IMIV

thJ l Ihe l10rtcQ 11111111 h 0[ (jl( el WI~Il~ J 1I I

Augu( and Scptrm bu -rIre IILn i IIHI n

tcmlx~rtlir( ulllillg Ihe~e H111lllli HInged Im ill middot-1SJi TO 4(J o-C Ahife 1111 lInil r 1I 1-cd )14(11

fK9 to Nl i_rhus DLteding lile Ilpp~r nilicd

lilllit of THT (72 illl i(~) for dli ly 11 1lt1( i I(

v hi c h J([imals HIll suffer f mln iW H 11 II i ~ U()c lJlT)ct1[cd llia(in (he centlCLI rq i()n of Sllldi

1lt11[1 uuiry LOWS slIffLr IT- o I)) hcat lrc~s eVe l1 Vi lh lirificii c()(JJi n~ middot

REPRODt~CTIVF PAR)Imiddot1ETEkS Additg chro mium y e)lt[ ~o ll( ciiu i

uairy co alf e itcd (he cfftCl uf llit hal ~ Ir l--lt cIlJing ~H rll[ Jler m()I1tIIS Jc~u J lirlg irl il i~ii fiL ilrll l(nC I ~C in cah illg iliter-I In)1i I~ I()Imiddot~I I j

lu i J3 61t() 10 (i lYS OplTl frolll I I I 2 Ill 1)1

lO t middotS77+-907 anel Illlrl1hu oi n I(C Illl

tOllci ptiPII I Ie111 ltA4-+05f (1) 1751 fll1

(PltlJ UJ) Chromiulll J1~o [J1(f ~ I--(~(l cOln~~ril1 rate from firSl insemi nat ion from r5( II

)o1 ltYk ltl nil cJ]v ing ra te I[()lll () Igtl 10 ()rl() )( (1ltOOl 011 the n 1J1CT ill1(L ltilk1lIJg Cliro rllitlfil

did not (ioversell ~iftcct (bys TO po- t]1artlJlIl 1 middot 1

li el l nor d ~lYS (0 P()s tp~irlllill 1 1) gt-CCT1III~l tlon Inc] (oll cLjJliull nJle (T(lbk 2)

The IIIcleuroiogi ca ~

durillg summer rnHl(h~ JnimJI nny ~ ul[tr Iro m

heal Slres inc( THf lxcec(kd ll ll UPpCI trili cai limit (72 Ti ll Ull j)) rut eLli]) In k

Tl lj cOlrobUlil lt previOI1 S I in d illg~ Ihll in Ih e

cellWl1 region of SlllUi iruhilt (birv C(gt Id l l1

1n))H I1clt s tress 11cspj(C (1)( llS~ o f J( ilicrd

COOlillz iY The prese nl lmiddote ldl~ lvcled Ili ) h~1 Gdvi ng in ren(ll d~IY opt1l aIl d mllll hlt 1)1

~~crvin~ pe r nnCGptiOJl i l l Cl llt)o l -i I U (I kd crQUP which lay he dll In ilf JI qn~s~ dic([ - I l I l i111 Ilf ) t re~1 lS i~I~l( It 1 pre (I ~ l ll ll t -

~ P ~Illd Oll r 11 bt isli Li (bl IL I bull I bull

-middotIIP Imiddot)k nI Cm~llio l~ rCUlI ccd the - H~l lr hel ( ~ Il

-

Oll productioll Lct()r~ while mi lk yield wa igIJifican c y increased The re5ulls have also in1iLukd cltu add ing Cr lo th~uift of htclnti ll g Jai ) C()~ i~~i nficltlnt Iy imprO llI oome ur rhe IlprocluCli w parameters nHtllcly calving inlcrvmiddotiI days op~ n and numbel nfscrviccent$ per ()I t(c p(io l) Jher( j a de~lnh of i rl iorillalion (n the dfcc( qf Cr suppleme ntation OIJ reproduction of b cr(l (i Jlg dairy cows BryHl ( I lit) reported

fhll chrOJlJium sLlpplc rnenled C)NS kndccl to

111lt n 11irhcr (1lt01) 28~~J p regllancy raLe than cPlllrol cows rUll g et (Itll also repo ned hi gher cl nception lIlel l()w(T days () Pl~J1 on Crshy~u ll p Jelll[~lllc-d cows l1(I) cont rol animal s On the oliler hand P~ dlova ([ ar reponed thel( o- UP[)IClllenling chromium 10 J ~il y cow die JlOl

~iglljfj( ilnr[y Jffccl reprochlcl i ve h ll ldic)ns

I lownmiddoter (l C[Hicncy IcnvarJ higher COllCC[l li(lll

nHcS vts ronnd in the i1IolnillD1 ~ur]l lell1 ([llc d

~rollp III )C- nc l C01111110 11 repoll ~e tQer

sLlppIeIllCHlliil n i ~ i ncreased Il lle r sii1 4J bull rile

t)Iopocd mltchalli rn of -v1lich is il lCIeJscd

In diell) SLJr-pJemcn lat j011 for lti~1iry C()W~ Ulilkt hCll l ie i 111J11oved the rcprod ll Gl i Vl cifICICllly Tti impn)vqne lH cOl de bl duC to illlflI ()VCU rl~d

j[wke amI pl l)gtioioglla l cel l slj(U i ot il(middot ani mal) lolll)l-ing Cr suppIC mnIal imt

ACK1OLF-I)(JEM ENTS

A1thors wish to cprelt-$ deere-I lll prcc lilljr)[

lO all th(~ rnemLlTS (1 macl (bil) hl(li Iilh ~ p(cjal than ks w 1r AbduLlah 1 illl)tih 11[1 Ibrahim AI- IJubaib Jvlr JVlidlilil r Ki lkenny

lrld [k HfmoacoTl Adllr) Orn ~lJ_ r(l llfIj i II~ Ju l

the Vor l Our grlliludc 0 Dr Ddll r10-1- for hii lClh 11 jUt ~ ltpp)n [1cciiI hlliK l

extended LO [IIr Norll llttli Vi h ~()) 1m ~di(i ll lhi manuscript

Tlbh I Chemi ca ~()n ~tittll nL of (be hpoundlsal diet fed to nlultiparl)lls HlIlstein lttll~

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S )S O

middotmiddotmiddot[ bullbullmiddot1middot0middotmiddot -1 I-[()()()--

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lid III) I ~l~ t-g 711 oC lilli lled r j

CdIIII(~ d IJSH ll)o cqlJ~ li 1 licui)( d -Y ii In)

n1 [)1 lat~ middot

~ I I= I I I l lI lT y ICI I_idr li c n I l - Ai d Cou rr g lt fll lirmiddotcL

rlt f Imiddot- middotlt U I ~ i I)d lt 111 Fib

16

-

Tltlllt~ 2 I (~)s-sqllanlt 1I1t-ltJIlS alld ~tH)(_brd ~rrlr ISL ) ror npnHlndin ]KII- lt lnl1rs as

i1lttlld hy InatmcnLs

~

~ -I

Fi g ure I Avenl~e (If (hl xi 111 UIll Iinimum tcnlwraiurc and THI ppoundr mll)th

1

laquo 2i

I

Gmiddot i

II

bull I

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(1 f)

- i i l

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bull (g )

~ I tr middot ~~) X

II Tftl 1 r

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RLFLRElCES

I I-llistrons I) V Hear tre- ill~erac(ioll~

i-ilb slt)(k laquo[Ii cooling J Dliry S~i

1994 77 2044-2050

2_ Thatcher V -V_ Effects of ~ea~oll climate

clllU 1tl1lptTC1ture on repmuudioJ wKI

lacLaLioll J Dairy SLi 1)74 57 360middot-J6o

~ luqua) J V Hlal ~lrcss l- il afr~cb

iHli m1 pro(luctiol1 J Anim ~Gi 11 52 1(i1 J71

4 Clzd~HI~kas F C Effects of climat 011

I(pmdlldioll i II cmt1l~ J DCii I) Sci I I)~) ()i) 1)6S- Ll7X

5 l -bllicll P r Arechiga C F SLraLefie~ Ior

[)~nq~Lng reprocludion III lh~ h(~8middot

[l middotcsscLi [jar 1) [0 J Daify Sci I ()())~ -12

i7 ~)-)n

(IVnlrCII~()11 0 I~ oth I middotI~II1l I~

1mpllled rtproduc Iion iTl tleaL-Lres~d

middotcl(llc Ikl middotk laquole [Iplicd ~l~pCc( i-irl1

P-cpmcl Si_ ~)()() ()Omiddot-lt) I ~35middot-~47

-- R udctlge J J he 01 em hry() Irall -fef W(J

[V 1- 10 bypas~ dfl~CLS ui ltCdl slTC~

ThlJ iugolwlog 700 1 55 J ()() 1 I l

~ H~t)JC[l r J Drost ]1 RivCcii R M Palllci LI)I)~ ji 1- J KarHl ~llli Y 1 u 11 _ (iV(ISC impact or ilLI[ slre--middot Of) ulibryo pmrillLliol1 CpoundU-ilS ClJ1l1 SIriilColl- fl) mi Li 1la(lUIJ Thnluglt1l01ogy OO I 5 91 i 1)3

() I~ 1- NtlULy r D I~s~[) Ci A 5lkl)1 1 1J r llCC ( of jC 2l~()l1 ltlI1d level ui pluh1 ion 011 hC)llillltllI~~iCill vllJeS in Tl)[-I~irl ((1-

111amp111 T_niliL Sli 1 yg(-i Sh ~~11 ~i I

(I LAI J l~lJl ll D ReitHyl F F IIL _I

(11 kmpE l-alUI~ sC HSOl1 OJl bomiddoti fie lmiddotidlIMl

L()J li~d tlJllion blood c~ll prnfi k JII

m i l l prltdlllilIl I l)middot)iIY ~c iiIgt i) - O-I-l 1)

ILI L I U-L I U l ~ o~ ll_- f( I U I-I i ()111-[1[1]0 ~i(II awl

h(YQ OJ) h])ud dlnlIlIIlic- 1 d~jiry Ctlllr 1

DJilY Sci j l)~ l 64 62 -7IJ

l2 Washhurn Smiddot r Siv iil W J Rrtlvmiddot[t C I-I

McDwit1 B 1 1iAllill1 - J TlLmb ill rcpJocllKtiv [J-rfrlJIWlcT JII )OlllhlJ~It_ Ji1

lIol((tll and le-rsl-Y Dill IKJ(h J f)liry Sci 2U02 ~5 24d251

lJ lvuorv lZ JJ jmiddotU(llIilY J V Dr~)llJ W I Effects of 111( ~c gt tJ( pmiddotfJ llc( cMl~ lrI

postpilrrUIll milk pIImiddotfductioll Hlcl rcrroLiucLiort

ill dallY callie I I) illv SI 1()t)L is J shy

18W

14 Rry D E Hllbh T j -111[ HHlt I) V

~~aQn and ll (Cllion 1llll1ber (I feeL on JIli It-- produllion unu rtprodllditlll nf (biry (alitC in

Ari7nnl J l)liry Ii lt)j 7~21)7()-29f

I) Ulhcr I lJ I-lllrlLTillli j J Eilibryo de1111

rsulti[tg CrouJ 11 jr(~ iHi lmiddotfirll)(IH Oil

~JX~I-IllmiddotH071l 01 ()~I1 Ilim S i IC)() ( ~71-577

1( JOIdall C R Sd-JI~d(11 Iv J l)llI[ I Hels(I1IlCI A [middotIIl)lmiddot(~-- KI 1 i

COlllpmiddotlrloOll uJ lgtmiddotl li)lled tlrilil~id

i lJ s(nlinClri-fl1 (TJ1 pr(l()(ollt tnr IlllmwrIIl~1l1

of fil Iliiminlion ~lLI[1(tllll1 1 J)liry -i 2002~ S 1 (j()2-l nos

n C(cI1l1i11 J []-ZadnUII)- S I Llenlt) Il~ Rozell T C Smjlh J r (( jl~n )l lLmlivc [

hreedl1l PlOlOd)[ Irll- delil-Y c i(p()~ld (-J

1--ilvallJ WIIlLll1 l[lljlldtUI middotC IK11[1 UJ 111(1

c(llvin~ Or- buOl J I Iil Y i )O() I ~ l 7(19shyX(j(L

h Ingl~ll~lm R H S(dliky R W W~I~cllCr V f

Rrlnli()i1~hil) nf Ilri~(ll)r llld IlllliLlilv If)

C(Jn~LpliilI1 11 111 lldlIill C(W ill Ili J ))wry Sli_ l (( --f 2i-( zno_

I () klfl V CllOl)llJlll in ]IlJiTlJil Illllli)ll i

leV - I ~lJ II I q I - (

2(1 KHlIl t ll I 11( bull 111111

kSOlI ill l lllln llUI I lln

ElculIJiln jl~lmiddot 1 ))CL

18

Nr~c The role (1f ClJrorlliurri ][I animal21shylullirion COIIllllitxmiddot on Animal NLirrill(1lJ -thi 11 glOIi DC Jiltiolli-ti

caJn-I of ScicllcC-gt-il[lonal ReseClrch

Council 1997

RUIlurI f L Ke-j1lIi rVl j-lt 1 Kilpi 1 S U f 5(J2 R l 1lttgUlatiort of L-clecLin arid eel] g Oil tmvllltmiddot nClItrupltiis by g-l ucocortlcoilh EffecI or corrisol 1Ild deKitlTwth1S0JlC J LCllk HiuL 19()pound) ~ S ~1 )1

1) JlIrlorl J L Ivlallard [I A rvl~wnt D N EJrc~h or suppk m(l1tal cillOrlliUrll on

iTrllllUnc IrmiddotS[J()nse- ~ of pelipaltll ricnt tlCJd

carly la~Llli()1l Jairy cov J Anim ~ci

19 1jJ 71 15J2

24 (inllllrntJ [~ R fJi oloy or lipid-related ITIC[ilhntlc di sorders in [Criparmrient dairy cmmiddots 1 D)iry i 1993 76~ 38~2-J896

2) CnnC3 1 T Ertgt J [ ~ Scarlerf J PaLh

iHlU lysi s Im seven l-lu)LJilrtUll1 disonler- uC Hulsllil) i( ~ I l)liry Sci 199J 7()

I ~U)- I 11 2

2( Cuppock C L EnClgi nutritlon and

)flcllbol~Slll 01 fhe 1l-~IMirlg duiry COv

J Dair) Sci 1985 6gmiddot )4()3-_HHl

27 Co l ier JZ J IVllNulTlara J P IaI18ce C R IJdlOlf rl H A l-vic-v u[ ~CHlUCri JJC

regulation ot metabolisll1 during lacratioll J [lilli sci ()~1 51) middotV)g-S 1O

28 Debr1S 12 CJizucj I i na E Tcssc-raud S C](ilmprcdnll C Aml) iVI Insulin

~eI1SrlVlly Jnd re~ron-1enes) Juring ideratioll and uy peJilJd in guats Am 1 pilleiol I (JS9 ]5(1 29)-02

29 011lU H Nakai L Korrda 1 lerashimltl Y Insu lin rcspOTl jvlncs LU glucusl and li osuc lCspon)lel1~s ro in~ulill ill l Ictali l) p1e2ll1ll ~ j rrd n(l1pr~gnlIll

liunla~ t l jl l bed COmiddotmiddot 1 Anim )Cl

19JI W 1122 1127

lt- ~c Jlitf bulld Pe~ ltlf h Council U [ I L n( Fcq1I 1middott1llenL ()C I )ome-I I C

Animals 7 revi(( middot cdliJoll - lIir1 i[(II

DC --mc 200 j

31 AOAC ASSOClUlion (r Otf[lj~tl nllyll11

17 ilCilerTli-ts Official l1elhod of iTIIIYI~ cditrorL Wahingroll DC ]0( 2()()()

T2 Varl Soest P J Robcrbon T I~ [A Vj Ii i Vle ll)()(b for dielarytibN Il c lllr~d i1clergl l)l fjber and nonltlarch POIY~(ilcha riJ( III

relalion to animal tlmrilioll middot J j)lilY u

1lt)r I 74 Y)8J-]597 ~~ V(iss V P E Li rm Ling ilVlildbk~ cncqry

COJltent of ked fur ddilY 1llrl- J fJ)iry ci 1lt)09~ 81 ~30~J9

J4 M~lJst L E v1cDmvti1 P F floo( II 1 W rtf~cr of Sutl)J[lcr llllllCImiddot on

perfOmltlnCeof llo1 sIcin C(JS in Ir~ lirllc sage u llaclalioD J Dairy Sci 1(n 55 133-1 YJ

35 SS ll~~cr guide St~tisric (trY r~( S )

ln st lilL~ 1098

36 Johnson H D Bi()eli1llal~~ IIHI liv lmk III

John oll II D (lt1 GloclirrIC)lUilgy arll1 jill

1JIJllt1tioli of Jivl~Lp(k mslndllll ltthedll1cls EJsmiddotiLT S~llT1(X lIhll-Jlne

HV19iHt

37 Collier R J Beede 0 K Tatchcr r 1 [ ld

L A ViJcQ C J IntlllcrCcS of l r y iIO(OI [l1

and its lTIodifi LiILioll on cbiry ~ lllimlr hGl ll

and prodnctioll J Dtlir) Sci 19~2 ()i 22Ushy2227

]ji AI-HaiJary A A Iogilai I A AIh~lilh 11 Tlw cHeer of heat srrcio 011 milk pnxlucli oll llId ltOll1e lllem-IOfeg1l1atory rcspofllt( of high proulJci [g Holstein cJtitt i 11 erni - l1 itl environment J of King Saud Uni A il ri Sci 20(J1 14 5-54

39 iI-Haiclary Alsogk[ir blt) Iil1 M Influence of Jl iHin su ppkrlh~ri (ion )I)

thermoregu lawry respOllseS Jnli r~rr()fIT)II1CC

ut- HOJsTC~1l caclle ULilillg the urrlrllcr 1f1lf1til

J of King Sltlud Urliv AgJ i S~I 211)J~ 1-

J-S

JOYlllg V 7 i) D N Sl ~ I y tI ~ I I ~ I

1lt r flec I pI lhromillnl ~Ippk I)Wllt l i 11 11I1

19

rlrly lact~l(lOn p-Iiorm-lme ()f Holstein C()I gt C~n J Anim Sli 1996 yl~ 2~ J ~

230

middot11 Jbvirli i [ifnl1lcr D H BllLics S J Sock ~1 T Crummer R R Effec l ur cil[omillln suppJenlcilWtion on proJuc1ion 111M rmlabo lie paramclc[s i ll

peripmtlic1lt dairy cows J Dairy Sci

2(jO I t4 l2 1~-1230

middotr 1 Saiady tvl y AI-Shaikh M A AIshyMuiarrej S J AI-Shovei][li TA jl(J~mer H H 1 ltJI fJCecl of chLm~d clmHnil1n1 Slppkl1ltn(i(1~ 011 l ilC1alion perrorm~ln r e Hlri huud pa1melers or Hols(in cows

1I1lCkl hCJl ~lres ] Ani Irlal l-ecJ Science allJ Tcd lflO[Ogy 2()()4~ 1 I i~ 123-23 1

-13 Br)) 1 A Socha Vi T Tomtinsol D J Url~CI of upplLmeming ird ell~dy grltllcd ble gC18tlOll and early hlcrarioll dairy c(m~ virh c hrum iullI-L-f11Clhi()linc Jshy[)ii IY ~ii 200 8()fSllppll ) abs(Jcr

f 1 ~ II ~l A (c d ) 1 mldll L The in Il l le l kT of c~l ll) m iUlI) ~lI PjJkll1llllCili DJI

(in Ill(-Whoi i fll performaTlce Jl1 d

rL~irojllClioll of ~biry covs in a herri with

inlcaitu U(I~ilITence oj kltosis ( tech J AlIilTl-Ll Sci 2()Ctl -189 J4()-~-i~

45 Lin (k1lannlVl I) Vood C )1 I brpu j

r KUIIKpoundLY ~ T i[Jck lso t) I A Diccal) chl~lntUm picolil1mc 1dJilJU[IS improve

gli II [eed md lClrC t~S chWlClni li c~ tl)

glvvi)g -ti ll i chirlg pigs 1no increIc litter

ir ill Ierroducill~ S()V~ J oni rn Sci 19lt) n 457-i(ii

16 Spllmiddot c I J Ldltcmal11p S E 11( (lv illi m and i nol l lio li v e()Illl filctot sy~l f m ilh

111 1~ lnIJ hl~ [ 011 clorntstir i1r1irnJo U~ il JC I Allin Encionin(l 1995 12

17 lir1mmorO ) i CO~~ N 1 r1lt)()rc A H F x()gcnou~ ill-llii rt J[lii ddittoll al el1C~rgy

ltiffcZ( folliClll ~ir di-lrihll(iOll (ill iClllar knllLl

~oJ)cc nrf1tioll s ([11 gr1llltln1 cell hll l llill

lIwnollir gIJnaJrJlnif1i 11 hi nt iIll i II ~ill B io Hpmd 1990 ~ middot13 l -7

1K Cox N ~1 Slultlr( 11 J Alhcll T (i IkllllCU W A Miller H V Cnllllf lllenl or UVUI ll iOII rak

ill gillS by inciea~irt dicl1JY cllcrgymd administering insuli[1 during jolllcliar llovth J Anim ~ci 1987 64 5U7 --lh

Page 2: . CONTENTS - Sudan University of Science and Technology · contents . editorial . advertising policy . forum editorial . flu vaccine and hajj implications . article . 1. reproduction

REPRODUCTION RESPONSES OF HEAT STRESSED HOLSTEIN CO tV s SLPPLElENTEU VITH CHETATED C HRO IJl lJl

M Y AI-SaiadyA Makkawi A Azizb H H Mogawe~ T A AI-Showeimia H A

Ibrahims and M_A AI-Shaikhc

~ I~ SC() 1ltCdidl ltlmiriol1 f Tcchnicil Slrvice DqulHltlll PO f) x i~4-S middotfiytltih II S9 K middotII- i ~d1l1 Iii IIdi

VClbij II D~f-LtllI r I -nilJl-IJ p()d(J( I ()(I Cu~Ict r grjeulnJr-J SluJiJ~~ SuJ nfl UrlJmiddotlToily lJl ScjClI 1 middot1middotIllldcy

c DL~flllI 41 1Anirnl1 PrmlUCli(lll C()lk~c Ol griCllltuI( Kirlg S1Jlj Unlty cl_ I J4Ii() III Ygt1l111 114 I

Kill~kIi~1 II ~ lIdi phi ~ 1

ABSTRICT On~ IWIl(iru i pUc lparlll[l1 IIlUilipnolJ s ThlSft-in

la(r~ltillg c(JlV - V(le used iO study tl1~ elCecl (If

cl1tlI[1 (illnll1iulTI -iuppemelll~li()n on

rejllOd lIel i pEr formallcc of Ho I lLi II CC)middotS

under srlli-driti Clllj [011 lll rn The cxpcrirncmal

(I 11 irn a I wen lil1durnly divjel(d inlOlvQ groups 50 (OW i 11 CJch rhe lirCl group IlIS feu a

COlttlol di(~1 rOT lwdVL 1l101lllls while llie ~(COlld

ln)lJjl ias fu a con1ro l diet for 9 mumbs then

ftd the c()llIJol Jiet lJpplemenleJ wilh clir)nliuf] cnS( during he summer mOJlrll s (illly Jgi)ST 111d Ser1emtiel) Cillomiull1 Va aJJnl a m lI11lLlcturcr s rccol1111l(1Il1c u Jci

(I i litil lidltl 1 The t(Iag ill ) lIHU I)1 ancl lliulJJlIJIlI Ii) 1(lrll~t~I-JTlHC r ri11rill2 rhf lt11I1 11Wshy

mon1hs (c1i( arlu 25_00C fCPCClivc]y The IVlII~ kllIPIiIUIlt- llutllidicy indo wltisSI 6 Ull it~ Jdding chromiulY YC8Q tn the dt(t of

uair_gt 11) siglli iic-111l1y (PlaquoL01) uCCfeJscu cilving inte[val (45101+1213 to 41361+920) d)) npel (174 2+-11 to l J(77+Sl(n) ilild llltllibn 01 s trice~ per C()[Jceplion (S111 USR l()

175+0431 CJlnillllulll also silIi iiCilllly alto() I) inu (gtl~(1 COfJu~ption r(l le at J

inscmillullorl (I S() III 1 middot1 9 C and cdvill I-tc

191 _X4- r) 9~05(( PltOOJ) Il is cuncluded lhat

JdcliJlg j leliled chromillin to lilc diet of dlry CO S lilhkr he~I tre significJnny improved iqnli11 t i vc PIId II )LI( r

Kcyord Chromium - Dliry c_ICIe - l k1l ~t rcs l~cpfl)(hlei(n

lNTIOllllC fH)N HClI qr I frequent Iy JcfillLd ot~ unIl1T1rlg

WhCnt W1 Ihe IYICIHIl IT hUlllidiry ind x (THt) l middot~ ( i d T~ 1_ lt1 m h a ~ lon ~ ~een recogl1i7cd as a

1 1 I IkJl n middotj l l l l hOlh the PI )d L1Cti v ily and T( ~p r~ t j i jll1l ltIf -11I f ( ws High

cflvironmrntaJ l c lOJ-lCraturz Ins bCLn rqJfll d 1(1

reduce rcprodllct ivt parlmrlu In di jrlr(~Il[ i ~

(leur) hrtcd Ll(Lllioll 1I1i1 cl1vjmlllllclli11

conuiliollo Hlai[dy euional variali(11 iu m

llIl1P(I 8tll[ 1TC comitLleu Llhyl ()kgictilll~ ~

Ilwt ncd ~ iQnificanl illnUtl1Lcmiddot OJI 11( h _ Imiddot rl I I-J 11rep[()(IUCllie p YSIO Of ot lIry ( 1111 middot middot _

Vushburn et aI and lvToorc lt1 til 1ltJVC

reported rh[lt thl avcrgc Jaylt OpLlI ~tJ)(J ~LTi cL

per concepi011 increased in both lluigtlcill 1llJ Jer~cy herJs hen ltlmr ienL Lernr~ ra[ltn~ jmTeil~c(L )ltilY (( (fIll reported (-t11 cmv Urltle- I

healWE~ hud the 1()11 fq c d villt il I(~t 11111

rcqujn~cl tlie most ~ cn-icc~ per corlCcplill The rj~e in ambielli lm~1-(iilUrG durillg lI ()n I 1_1 1-

as()ctukrJ vVilll COllCClllilln ( 1)( ((I( I iliil

ikcJilicJ frUTH 6) lo middot1 - llL11 re ctal t(mperltlrur inci ltcd l C - iord1lI I lit

J7Cartmill Cl I11 ltIl)d lngnl)am d u I - f(~pullcJ Lhal CR uccli ncJ from 6 ( 10 Ylf)~ vhCf1 Ihe

THf jtl C rCl ~co from 6g to n JI)rcilll

eV21luuten firsl ltel~Y(CI in l h~ld v-il]l d ()O d

volufilary v liLiflg pe-ri((j mclrcj)or1ed th ~H 1(1-

cal Ving ill [llc summer hpoundJd lh l 11 C Imiddotj -1shy

ltcrvic conception rale

ChJUllliwil (Cr) is teTlerally kr)(v[) as a nutrient rllar I)Or~ntiatc instl1ill tCtioll alJe lim i ll fllJ~ ncei carh(hydra[c~ lipid nr 11 middot11-111

l1lcLn)nliTTl 9 Chromium htnt in-lIlill 10 CtlI

1l1tmblane receplur oi l~ eVlle ri ~ W-LIHI tronsport gillco( ~ I1d lIrlinn ~Ic i ds jll ~ ldc rI e ce1J20 _ By lt)plimiill~ inilJlill 1 ~ Jii y 11 1((

uptt ke by celb i- hdLel- ngLlI~trd litc l-ehy

controlling blood glucuse level W id JI IX I II JII~ ff1cIT Y polenti Jl_

The C()IIII~ i lL(i~ un 1i n1l1 J IIl i 1 ( I

nRC)~ ~val lJ lr 1 IK still I 1

-

~llpplcl1lcnlmi()n rOrll ilven srujics pcrfmmcd III (1~ iIY rHlk lWCnLY stUC]l( j1eriormcd iniJccf cirtl e m J sevell studies pcdOflllxl iTl ~ heep The [I)li ll c()rc lus iom wtrt illcon)ist cncy tHllOllg Lile

h ulls nf thGs- slud les WIU in lltt l lienc) ur lJilahk da ta gC IlGralc( tjom thcn l III altcs Cr l c qlil(~ llIelll~ foc fum inI1S It Via also c )JI ~ hJ kd tkll dielry supp[emeJl(alioti uf Cr LuulJ hL hCllcficial fur the Ilcallh arid vell bGitlg

of 11111lllClllLgt durillg ([me ~ of Slfcss Chmmillll1

~Urplclll(ntuLi()rl (ltuscd lt) deCL~~ ill S( IUlll

corti sol cO l1celllntLions 1I(1l red to SticltsGd hrdcf (tIe~ andalLrrefl il l HrJL)(Ilt rtp() ncs of IaL~ Ll ([llg cl1iry co~ lld INeanj (a lvcs~ ~)

TlJll s i l iOn (rom ges( t lioJl LD laClJliOll j ~ I

tre rncrllltl ~ challenge in Ii I i fgt COIVS

(iJLlll l lller IC[()rLtci G~car SiflS of tlcpallc jil1iclusj~ at1d kelo[lcrniJ of v[lryiiiS (kgre(~s 01

c1(rity Jurlng 1hr [x riparLClIicll[ period Tilese 1l1(l~lh ()l i cll orJcri IIr assuc iaLed tirh o th er 11 1(~Ilttb ulic Vnd r(llnG~ llld r(prodLJ(tiv~ 1l1cl

1 J I 0ni 1 1lillI gall l I scasc~

II (~j([ Y LLl li Di1 dit11 y ~[ltr~y i IH~-(

Ll i l I gt Illcel ~Ie l ~ i dc mlI1d s hir lliIIL~lir

bUi cceICS 11lt1 ~i lk y ideJ lClIllint ill Ili g rl

ITih j i l dcLi v i Ijc ~ llld nCYlt i V( C11 i lgy ht l i) I C l~

in diiy C(~V -t(c()mJani~d by lac t o~middotco i anJ

ill ICIld l ev~ 1 uf lip)fy~ i (111(1 LiecrclL)cd

l i llfJf( lI sjj ill ao i po tiStlc Thimiddot ill(naslt)

I LIll)lie il~ ellsi s Ind ~I)COgl~lllIjyjs in the ][ver

(lflCI ligt~ ILIdle ~ mobili ClLiofl CIt PIUIClll Te~erves

110111 HillCL tis~lle2-

C ()1l ~idcI(1 tll i I1 ll~ - cst Ilde recc nty IkI()ll(l~ ill lJ ~ in g C( itS tn~~ IYC~ll1i ( cLllnl

bull ~I-=i )1

1~1llIl ~ ~ pITj)MllIJll 1111 11(par[ulll pnuJ- - H -lt- litL Ie illtorrnlTion ilt il~lituhle 011 tile Ln ~C I (If SU Ill klTHrlli ng ch Oll li LIITI Oil

l JlJ(Ijlil ~ lie p c rr()Jma rh~ u f C V ~ ll ndcr IH)~

~ JII)]IICI co C rJiri~II Th( Olj lTljv~ of Illl r jxi ilHI1( I ~ In IUale the 1(gtPO I( or li() l ~ 1lPIUduLlldll jlMUTlCler lif OI le in

~(IW J_iI Sl])jlklllcnliil ( l li~ I llcI hl(gtm)ufl)

i llrillg IICl I I)()lll h ~

f1ATERIALS Id) fFTllODS jgtlJ ilA 1 - iI[) Vl l eTS

Tk I ld ~ ~ I j I I middotJw ry fl l r ll l tO 1 111 ()Llfh (If

- bull -cl YIi rl I Ii l ll j I Ulgt I l OW II Jndlc~lj

[1shy

triUlliplrulls 11()bld II bl LIIIJ1~ U T~ lJ ~~J

in lhi~ IlilL lhc ( XI1NirllVJJI1I p_r iod va 12 I ) 1 1-m onths an( cow~ pant) LIII ~ lt rl ()l ll 10

l l l larioll These dn imlh wue 1llldJJlI y ltl~ klkd

rrOn1 (he h-ru and rilllciNllly lIi lj kd i lilo Ii)

JOllpS vr SO (()~ CI CI1 lJll rnll[l 1- i(~(1

dliling 1he encire CXi~tljl TWrtl [ 1__Ij- d )[1 a

corn)o] diel (T lbk I) 111 j 10111111(1((1 tC

ha ve all the IleCcltIY Illi l ricnl 10 Inl or

(~ V(cJ the rcqutnrncllT s jJJIIIJltllllcd by Ihe

NRC-iO Tlle)t (ond gruur 11 [(if U lI)Iol (Illt

fin l ) montllgt and then - UpkIl1Cllllod ill l

dllUTllUlll yeagtl (Al ltcch [I li idl(iI I~ ilk [(y

L S J Chroll1l11ni W[ ldltl((1 11 fl 1lIwl aC 1Ll lac

fCcOrir lllllJcd 1(1( 1 (4t-illd idIY) IJIII ill g I llc

remJining rhree mOll1l III Jul y Alletht lIlil

Scplct1lhn hid l rL rlCC ~Il1( I rl ll 11( ILk-(

rIwnlll s anJ dlnillg liid 11ll JJlinLl I lll

u--ulily exposlJ II) [w 1 Ie C()W~ UI fed ~l

lOut mixed 1)li u ll (I MIlt ) c llli )ill j of (() (()llCClI lralc mE x till tiKI 4W 1()I l I~ i 1 I ( gt

vere Kept Il nckl all CV[~l 1iltlli (~ _on l i 11 ~ y~l(lI

dlli II~ SU TIllllt r m nlllli

ChelJell c ll romilJ lli i ~ I 1111 1 ilii I~j d

1i itkJll LIIIIIJ1illlll-ni ( ()[illi Jii l T 1 ili)

Ilpmds Ie gllllltllnic KicJ C i c il ilt lIl il Iein i( l ~ ploducd hy ~ilIII Y(l~ III l j11

c hr~Il)il J IIledt J (C hIUHI )lIlli IIgtl id() 111 vill iLh ihl ~lbc)ve = ltImino ~hid ~ VLli~ iWUllll T I)( l ypL o f Y(i( lIcd ws 1 ~ll-ijll ~f Viallit lll lllll~ 01

SIiICIw(onlni r(nilaf wilh Ull llI III l lilll 01

26 ll)~g TilL yeJgtT t1(11 died [11 I n if1inl-(d ((mpCrallJl~ during lhe (11)illiC [lnilC~ ()11gt__ 11 [nc -~idll~Ilvilk Ky U~gti Hj~JI dicer culllell) N(TC dCicrmilwJ accqrd jl (U UC

I

f ()r lnJdf pi ulci II 11) n 1 SI 1 I i lIh hUl1 iln

iraquo rraCI ILl no 9(J) I i j ci dCil l n( ti he

IAUI) ~ ll) d n e ll ) l CicllTfcn r li h1 IHH) VCIC

~bS[y((J u si ne 111lt (1 lph~i 1I1I I lelt Ill Il()1 o i 111

So )1 t (I) ~ ThL rl(~l t 1l lt r l 1 1111 h 1~llinl l r [ 1(1) CO ll ~ C l]tralioll (1 [ t i le di ~[ V-d (~I II I~I Cil Di i~lllrV rnk illrn ilnd [)liop I1l1l() II gt CIL

nt ( rflliumiddotLi I) J1 1I1Ii l ~hn lll i Jl

gt-ptc llopIKI(CltlllLlgt ( fluJc l 1[1 flll~ l) ~lljllJ1

S iC IIlifil CJTIlcridFej

PROTOCOL r em I rgtJs rJf [ I( )-j

CA [ VTN Ci c r D CH i( )111 bull~1

U 111 3vl [1ltJ~Tl Ur 111 order 1 IIl l middot- i f1i f l I 11 01 1

d Ol In l iU lllmr r W 11 _ ~

~ I C illl lIli 1111(0(1 ill J itd Wl 1I1 T k

-

juri rht [cliod l f JC[li~ -U)ll1 T ll i periclcI

nincikrJ will ) rl(~ pCik of helt ~ [rss ill lilc

cCIHmj IcgHl[l Th ~ C()i Ven~ agllii bred Iw ing Ihe arnc pcri()(l1 in order If cli v e

til Iu(f [I hlalTh ApJi I

RElgtRO[)U( 1 1VE 1 ~IlIITcl~ S R~proJliclj~ Jl1 8)la gclIILrll via)

[JnlClrnK U iKco rdlllf 10 Sl i W litlLl oplr1r ill pmnrurc 0 1 111C diliry ~lrld JIJ U)lv -vel breLl hy IItifiliiI irl(llliriril)l I~ f) The (o[JoINing

rq)l( l lillctiVL pr) lllue r VC1~ calculaleu for elch c() cIllill~ the IV I-c l1on tl) (J[ (11lt

cAperillenlat peri od

bull C1J illt il ller d

bull Nllrnbcr of sCIvilc pl f ((lTlccplion

bull Dil ys fWlHcaivillgto ( heaL

bull O~I~S from Cil lng 10 r irscmil1il(iol1 bull C onc[([01l rllt (Ire~nJn I covsilnscmini[c1

COWS)

bull C()[lcltpli oTi ( i t( f(ulTI 1 irlsemillill()ll

(PlcgnlIlt lt~ OoS fU ll first i Il elli i nll ioni J1~ tol n i n1l ~c1 IO-VS)

bull Caivill rlLL ((ltII t-I I middot cowlnt~I1illatcrl rII~)

1 ()r Ilt (~ middotdv Pmiddot IiH I ImiddotIll o h(T~ caicllJaled lor tck i (roup dllrill ~ I )h Xr-CIIIllCI1Tli pCJioq

AI1n I [NT TElP[R TURI LIinHll11 1110 n11ninllitll ltl lllbienl

elllpcllIl1n dry IIIU wtt- hulh temperatures -(Te recocl1 (1li Iy arH1 Tcrl1jlCralUre-H tJmi ()i I Y Indcx CIH I) was ~~ d(llJitccl KCl))dill~ lO fHlI -- 1 ( I ( I

TI(( 072(TJhmiddotI Tvlh) 11fJ6 Tdh-=ICl1lpc r IIIICG o f Icy hulb Tvh-~r jp(rit llIrc ltIf vet hu lh

STATISTICAL iJLSrS Dal1 t( ~ llbJc~ICCl to -talisticll

dn lly~ i ~ Ill fI Ii i SAS pr()grltn SAS J9SJ l lt

The gCl lCldJ l i ll~Il Illudel (jIf1 mil le J~Ishy lJ llalc Ill l IIl- (lStvlTMS) were appli~d lO lllC

di( it TIK~ cic ci 0 1 rrcarlTlcnJ 011 SOll)(

1(pn)(1LI i c paraillLltr~ 1gt- k~lcd lIll~ the lu i lmv i n~ Ill() lc 1

v ii llt r + l Vltcr(middot

bull Itt -bull - jmiddot Tmiddotmiddot 1I1n fi r I tH~ J l Jltal l1l( nl

ppu J 1(If n nt j(

1i

T = lrcHmclll U= I (1 2) eiJ ~ fcsid lIaJ emIr

JUSLLTS JETEOlltOIDC ](1 Co J)I[ r() NS

figure (I ) dGp i( l ~ Uli IlietC(j [() llg j~i ll elMii (( ~lir(kJ uurin g Ih~ (x pCriln c lll ~ tI rUl nd illh)u~11 al l )n im ah were kepi II t)( kr 111

cO lling S - ~ lcrn o f rhc farlll Jll rJI ~ lI~ r l lt) lt r months veJage TI I1 Wi ( 1(1 rigllfC (J IMIV

thJ l Ihe l10rtcQ 11111111 h 0[ (jl( el WI~Il~ J 1I I

Augu( and Scptrm bu -rIre IILn i IIHI n

tcmlx~rtlir( ulllillg Ihe~e H111lllli HInged Im ill middot-1SJi TO 4(J o-C Ahife 1111 lInil r 1I 1-cd )14(11

fK9 to Nl i_rhus DLteding lile Ilpp~r nilicd

lilllit of THT (72 illl i(~) for dli ly 11 1lt1( i I(

v hi c h J([imals HIll suffer f mln iW H 11 II i ~ U()c lJlT)ct1[cd llia(in (he centlCLI rq i()n of Sllldi

1lt11[1 uuiry LOWS slIffLr IT- o I)) hcat lrc~s eVe l1 Vi lh lirificii c()(JJi n~ middot

REPRODt~CTIVF PAR)Imiddot1ETEkS Additg chro mium y e)lt[ ~o ll( ciiu i

uairy co alf e itcd (he cfftCl uf llit hal ~ Ir l--lt cIlJing ~H rll[ Jler m()I1tIIS Jc~u J lirlg irl il i~ii fiL ilrll l(nC I ~C in cah illg iliter-I In)1i I~ I()Imiddot~I I j

lu i J3 61t() 10 (i lYS OplTl frolll I I I 2 Ill 1)1

lO t middotS77+-907 anel Illlrl1hu oi n I(C Illl

tOllci ptiPII I Ie111 ltA4-+05f (1) 1751 fll1

(PltlJ UJ) Chromiulll J1~o [J1(f ~ I--(~(l cOln~~ril1 rate from firSl insemi nat ion from r5( II

)o1 ltYk ltl nil cJ]v ing ra te I[()lll () Igtl 10 ()rl() )( (1ltOOl 011 the n 1J1CT ill1(L ltilk1lIJg Cliro rllitlfil

did not (ioversell ~iftcct (bys TO po- t]1artlJlIl 1 middot 1

li el l nor d ~lYS (0 P()s tp~irlllill 1 1) gt-CCT1III~l tlon Inc] (oll cLjJliull nJle (T(lbk 2)

The IIIcleuroiogi ca ~

durillg summer rnHl(h~ JnimJI nny ~ ul[tr Iro m

heal Slres inc( THf lxcec(kd ll ll UPpCI trili cai limit (72 Ti ll Ull j)) rut eLli]) In k

Tl lj cOlrobUlil lt previOI1 S I in d illg~ Ihll in Ih e

cellWl1 region of SlllUi iruhilt (birv C(gt Id l l1

1n))H I1clt s tress 11cspj(C (1)( llS~ o f J( ilicrd

COOlillz iY The prese nl lmiddote ldl~ lvcled Ili ) h~1 Gdvi ng in ren(ll d~IY opt1l aIl d mllll hlt 1)1

~~crvin~ pe r nnCGptiOJl i l l Cl llt)o l -i I U (I kd crQUP which lay he dll In ilf JI qn~s~ dic([ - I l I l i111 Ilf ) t re~1 lS i~I~l( It 1 pre (I ~ l ll ll t -

~ P ~Illd Oll r 11 bt isli Li (bl IL I bull I bull

-middotIIP Imiddot)k nI Cm~llio l~ rCUlI ccd the - H~l lr hel ( ~ Il

-

Oll productioll Lct()r~ while mi lk yield wa igIJifican c y increased The re5ulls have also in1iLukd cltu add ing Cr lo th~uift of htclnti ll g Jai ) C()~ i~~i nficltlnt Iy imprO llI oome ur rhe IlprocluCli w parameters nHtllcly calving inlcrvmiddotiI days op~ n and numbel nfscrviccent$ per ()I t(c p(io l) Jher( j a de~lnh of i rl iorillalion (n the dfcc( qf Cr suppleme ntation OIJ reproduction of b cr(l (i Jlg dairy cows BryHl ( I lit) reported

fhll chrOJlJium sLlpplc rnenled C)NS kndccl to

111lt n 11irhcr (1lt01) 28~~J p regllancy raLe than cPlllrol cows rUll g et (Itll also repo ned hi gher cl nception lIlel l()w(T days () Pl~J1 on Crshy~u ll p Jelll[~lllc-d cows l1(I) cont rol animal s On the oliler hand P~ dlova ([ ar reponed thel( o- UP[)IClllenling chromium 10 J ~il y cow die JlOl

~iglljfj( ilnr[y Jffccl reprochlcl i ve h ll ldic)ns

I lownmiddoter (l C[Hicncy IcnvarJ higher COllCC[l li(lll

nHcS vts ronnd in the i1IolnillD1 ~ur]l lell1 ([llc d

~rollp III )C- nc l C01111110 11 repoll ~e tQer

sLlppIeIllCHlliil n i ~ i ncreased Il lle r sii1 4J bull rile

t)Iopocd mltchalli rn of -v1lich is il lCIeJscd

In diell) SLJr-pJemcn lat j011 for lti~1iry C()W~ Ulilkt hCll l ie i 111J11oved the rcprod ll Gl i Vl cifICICllly Tti impn)vqne lH cOl de bl duC to illlflI ()VCU rl~d

j[wke amI pl l)gtioioglla l cel l slj(U i ot il(middot ani mal) lolll)l-ing Cr suppIC mnIal imt

ACK1OLF-I)(JEM ENTS

A1thors wish to cprelt-$ deere-I lll prcc lilljr)[

lO all th(~ rnemLlTS (1 macl (bil) hl(li Iilh ~ p(cjal than ks w 1r AbduLlah 1 illl)tih 11[1 Ibrahim AI- IJubaib Jvlr JVlidlilil r Ki lkenny

lrld [k HfmoacoTl Adllr) Orn ~lJ_ r(l llfIj i II~ Ju l

the Vor l Our grlliludc 0 Dr Ddll r10-1- for hii lClh 11 jUt ~ ltpp)n [1cciiI hlliK l

extended LO [IIr Norll llttli Vi h ~()) 1m ~di(i ll lhi manuscript

Tlbh I Chemi ca ~()n ~tittll nL of (be hpoundlsal diet fed to nlultiparl)lls HlIlstein lttll~

2n() ------

S )S O

middotmiddotmiddot[ bullbullmiddot1middot0middotmiddot -1 I-[()()()--

2(j

(III li l cd i~~1 Ill ~ t cl l li~ KI mHmiddot t l ~ I I L1 06 In kr C gt I a 1)) i~ l -)11 l)~ k ~ 1 h ~IJ tr ~ I VII) II Ir ~ I

lid III) I ~l~ t-g 711 oC lilli lled r j

CdIIII(~ d IJSH ll)o cqlJ~ li 1 licui)( d -Y ii In)

n1 [)1 lat~ middot

~ I I= I I I l lI lT y ICI I_idr li c n I l - Ai d Cou rr g lt fll lirmiddotcL

rlt f Imiddot- middotlt U I ~ i I)d lt 111 Fib

16

-

Tltlllt~ 2 I (~)s-sqllanlt 1I1t-ltJIlS alld ~tH)(_brd ~rrlr ISL ) ror npnHlndin ]KII- lt lnl1rs as

i1lttlld hy InatmcnLs

~

~ -I

Fi g ure I Avenl~e (If (hl xi 111 UIll Iinimum tcnlwraiurc and THI ppoundr mll)th

1

laquo 2i

I

Gmiddot i

II

bull I

~

~ ) -

(1 f)

- i i l

-

bull (g )

~ I tr middot ~~) X

II Tftl 1 r

-II

(7

RLFLRElCES

I I-llistrons I) V Hear tre- ill~erac(ioll~

i-ilb slt)(k laquo[Ii cooling J Dliry S~i

1994 77 2044-2050

2_ Thatcher V -V_ Effects of ~ea~oll climate

clllU 1tl1lptTC1ture on repmuudioJ wKI

lacLaLioll J Dairy SLi 1)74 57 360middot-J6o

~ luqua) J V Hlal ~lrcss l- il afr~cb

iHli m1 pro(luctiol1 J Anim ~Gi 11 52 1(i1 J71

4 Clzd~HI~kas F C Effects of climat 011

I(pmdlldioll i II cmt1l~ J DCii I) Sci I I)~) ()i) 1)6S- Ll7X

5 l -bllicll P r Arechiga C F SLraLefie~ Ior

[)~nq~Lng reprocludion III lh~ h(~8middot

[l middotcsscLi [jar 1) [0 J Daify Sci I ()())~ -12

i7 ~)-)n

(IVnlrCII~()11 0 I~ oth I middotI~II1l I~

1mpllled rtproduc Iion iTl tleaL-Lres~d

middotcl(llc Ikl middotk laquole [Iplicd ~l~pCc( i-irl1

P-cpmcl Si_ ~)()() ()Omiddot-lt) I ~35middot-~47

-- R udctlge J J he 01 em hry() Irall -fef W(J

[V 1- 10 bypas~ dfl~CLS ui ltCdl slTC~

ThlJ iugolwlog 700 1 55 J ()() 1 I l

~ H~t)JC[l r J Drost ]1 RivCcii R M Palllci LI)I)~ ji 1- J KarHl ~llli Y 1 u 11 _ (iV(ISC impact or ilLI[ slre--middot Of) ulibryo pmrillLliol1 CpoundU-ilS ClJ1l1 SIriilColl- fl) mi Li 1la(lUIJ Thnluglt1l01ogy OO I 5 91 i 1)3

() I~ 1- NtlULy r D I~s~[) Ci A 5lkl)1 1 1J r llCC ( of jC 2l~()l1 ltlI1d level ui pluh1 ion 011 hC)llillltllI~~iCill vllJeS in Tl)[-I~irl ((1-

111amp111 T_niliL Sli 1 yg(-i Sh ~~11 ~i I

(I LAI J l~lJl ll D ReitHyl F F IIL _I

(11 kmpE l-alUI~ sC HSOl1 OJl bomiddoti fie lmiddotidlIMl

L()J li~d tlJllion blood c~ll prnfi k JII

m i l l prltdlllilIl I l)middot)iIY ~c iiIgt i) - O-I-l 1)

ILI L I U-L I U l ~ o~ ll_- f( I U I-I i ()111-[1[1]0 ~i(II awl

h(YQ OJ) h])ud dlnlIlIIlic- 1 d~jiry Ctlllr 1

DJilY Sci j l)~ l 64 62 -7IJ

l2 Washhurn Smiddot r Siv iil W J Rrtlvmiddot[t C I-I

McDwit1 B 1 1iAllill1 - J TlLmb ill rcpJocllKtiv [J-rfrlJIWlcT JII )OlllhlJ~It_ Ji1

lIol((tll and le-rsl-Y Dill IKJ(h J f)liry Sci 2U02 ~5 24d251

lJ lvuorv lZ JJ jmiddotU(llIilY J V Dr~)llJ W I Effects of 111( ~c gt tJ( pmiddotfJ llc( cMl~ lrI

postpilrrUIll milk pIImiddotfductioll Hlcl rcrroLiucLiort

ill dallY callie I I) illv SI 1()t)L is J shy

18W

14 Rry D E Hllbh T j -111[ HHlt I) V

~~aQn and ll (Cllion 1llll1ber (I feeL on JIli It-- produllion unu rtprodllditlll nf (biry (alitC in

Ari7nnl J l)liry Ii lt)j 7~21)7()-29f

I) Ulhcr I lJ I-lllrlLTillli j J Eilibryo de1111

rsulti[tg CrouJ 11 jr(~ iHi lmiddotfirll)(IH Oil

~JX~I-IllmiddotH071l 01 ()~I1 Ilim S i IC)() ( ~71-577

1( JOIdall C R Sd-JI~d(11 Iv J l)llI[ I Hels(I1IlCI A [middotIIl)lmiddot(~-- KI 1 i

COlllpmiddotlrloOll uJ lgtmiddotl li)lled tlrilil~id

i lJ s(nlinClri-fl1 (TJ1 pr(l()(ollt tnr IlllmwrIIl~1l1

of fil Iliiminlion ~lLI[1(tllll1 1 J)liry -i 2002~ S 1 (j()2-l nos

n C(cI1l1i11 J []-ZadnUII)- S I Llenlt) Il~ Rozell T C Smjlh J r (( jl~n )l lLmlivc [

hreedl1l PlOlOd)[ Irll- delil-Y c i(p()~ld (-J

1--ilvallJ WIIlLll1 l[lljlldtUI middotC IK11[1 UJ 111(1

c(llvin~ Or- buOl J I Iil Y i )O() I ~ l 7(19shyX(j(L

h Ingl~ll~lm R H S(dliky R W W~I~cllCr V f

Rrlnli()i1~hil) nf Ilri~(ll)r llld IlllliLlilv If)

C(Jn~LpliilI1 11 111 lldlIill C(W ill Ili J ))wry Sli_ l (( --f 2i-( zno_

I () klfl V CllOl)llJlll in ]IlJiTlJil Illllli)ll i

leV - I ~lJ II I q I - (

2(1 KHlIl t ll I 11( bull 111111

kSOlI ill l lllln llUI I lln

ElculIJiln jl~lmiddot 1 ))CL

18

Nr~c The role (1f ClJrorlliurri ][I animal21shylullirion COIIllllitxmiddot on Animal NLirrill(1lJ -thi 11 glOIi DC Jiltiolli-ti

caJn-I of ScicllcC-gt-il[lonal ReseClrch

Council 1997

RUIlurI f L Ke-j1lIi rVl j-lt 1 Kilpi 1 S U f 5(J2 R l 1lttgUlatiort of L-clecLin arid eel] g Oil tmvllltmiddot nClItrupltiis by g-l ucocortlcoilh EffecI or corrisol 1Ild deKitlTwth1S0JlC J LCllk HiuL 19()pound) ~ S ~1 )1

1) JlIrlorl J L Ivlallard [I A rvl~wnt D N EJrc~h or suppk m(l1tal cillOrlliUrll on

iTrllllUnc IrmiddotS[J()nse- ~ of pelipaltll ricnt tlCJd

carly la~Llli()1l Jairy cov J Anim ~ci

19 1jJ 71 15J2

24 (inllllrntJ [~ R fJi oloy or lipid-related ITIC[ilhntlc di sorders in [Criparmrient dairy cmmiddots 1 D)iry i 1993 76~ 38~2-J896

2) CnnC3 1 T Ertgt J [ ~ Scarlerf J PaLh

iHlU lysi s Im seven l-lu)LJilrtUll1 disonler- uC Hulsllil) i( ~ I l)liry Sci 199J 7()

I ~U)- I 11 2

2( Cuppock C L EnClgi nutritlon and

)flcllbol~Slll 01 fhe 1l-~IMirlg duiry COv

J Dair) Sci 1985 6gmiddot )4()3-_HHl

27 Co l ier JZ J IVllNulTlara J P IaI18ce C R IJdlOlf rl H A l-vic-v u[ ~CHlUCri JJC

regulation ot metabolisll1 during lacratioll J [lilli sci ()~1 51) middotV)g-S 1O

28 Debr1S 12 CJizucj I i na E Tcssc-raud S C](ilmprcdnll C Aml) iVI Insulin

~eI1SrlVlly Jnd re~ron-1enes) Juring ideratioll and uy peJilJd in guats Am 1 pilleiol I (JS9 ]5(1 29)-02

29 011lU H Nakai L Korrda 1 lerashimltl Y Insu lin rcspOTl jvlncs LU glucusl and li osuc lCspon)lel1~s ro in~ulill ill l Ictali l) p1e2ll1ll ~ j rrd n(l1pr~gnlIll

liunla~ t l jl l bed COmiddotmiddot 1 Anim )Cl

19JI W 1122 1127

lt- ~c Jlitf bulld Pe~ ltlf h Council U [ I L n( Fcq1I 1middott1llenL ()C I )ome-I I C

Animals 7 revi(( middot cdliJoll - lIir1 i[(II

DC --mc 200 j

31 AOAC ASSOClUlion (r Otf[lj~tl nllyll11

17 ilCilerTli-ts Official l1elhod of iTIIIYI~ cditrorL Wahingroll DC ]0( 2()()()

T2 Varl Soest P J Robcrbon T I~ [A Vj Ii i Vle ll)()(b for dielarytibN Il c lllr~d i1clergl l)l fjber and nonltlarch POIY~(ilcha riJ( III

relalion to animal tlmrilioll middot J j)lilY u

1lt)r I 74 Y)8J-]597 ~~ V(iss V P E Li rm Ling ilVlildbk~ cncqry

COJltent of ked fur ddilY 1llrl- J fJ)iry ci 1lt)09~ 81 ~30~J9

J4 M~lJst L E v1cDmvti1 P F floo( II 1 W rtf~cr of Sutl)J[lcr llllllCImiddot on

perfOmltlnCeof llo1 sIcin C(JS in Ir~ lirllc sage u llaclalioD J Dairy Sci 1(n 55 133-1 YJ

35 SS ll~~cr guide St~tisric (trY r~( S )

ln st lilL~ 1098

36 Johnson H D Bi()eli1llal~~ IIHI liv lmk III

John oll II D (lt1 GloclirrIC)lUilgy arll1 jill

1JIJllt1tioli of Jivl~Lp(k mslndllll ltthedll1cls EJsmiddotiLT S~llT1(X lIhll-Jlne

HV19iHt

37 Collier R J Beede 0 K Tatchcr r 1 [ ld

L A ViJcQ C J IntlllcrCcS of l r y iIO(OI [l1

and its lTIodifi LiILioll on cbiry ~ lllimlr hGl ll

and prodnctioll J Dtlir) Sci 19~2 ()i 22Ushy2227

]ji AI-HaiJary A A Iogilai I A AIh~lilh 11 Tlw cHeer of heat srrcio 011 milk pnxlucli oll llId ltOll1e lllem-IOfeg1l1atory rcspofllt( of high proulJci [g Holstein cJtitt i 11 erni - l1 itl environment J of King Saud Uni A il ri Sci 20(J1 14 5-54

39 iI-Haiclary Alsogk[ir blt) Iil1 M Influence of Jl iHin su ppkrlh~ri (ion )I)

thermoregu lawry respOllseS Jnli r~rr()fIT)II1CC

ut- HOJsTC~1l caclle ULilillg the urrlrllcr 1f1lf1til

J of King Sltlud Urliv AgJ i S~I 211)J~ 1-

J-S

JOYlllg V 7 i) D N Sl ~ I y tI ~ I I ~ I

1lt r flec I pI lhromillnl ~Ippk I)Wllt l i 11 11I1

19

rlrly lact~l(lOn p-Iiorm-lme ()f Holstein C()I gt C~n J Anim Sli 1996 yl~ 2~ J ~

230

middot11 Jbvirli i [ifnl1lcr D H BllLics S J Sock ~1 T Crummer R R Effec l ur cil[omillln suppJenlcilWtion on proJuc1ion 111M rmlabo lie paramclc[s i ll

peripmtlic1lt dairy cows J Dairy Sci

2(jO I t4 l2 1~-1230

middotr 1 Saiady tvl y AI-Shaikh M A AIshyMuiarrej S J AI-Shovei][li TA jl(J~mer H H 1 ltJI fJCecl of chLm~d clmHnil1n1 Slppkl1ltn(i(1~ 011 l ilC1alion perrorm~ln r e Hlri huud pa1melers or Hols(in cows

1I1lCkl hCJl ~lres ] Ani Irlal l-ecJ Science allJ Tcd lflO[Ogy 2()()4~ 1 I i~ 123-23 1

-13 Br)) 1 A Socha Vi T Tomtinsol D J Url~CI of upplLmeming ird ell~dy grltllcd ble gC18tlOll and early hlcrarioll dairy c(m~ virh c hrum iullI-L-f11Clhi()linc Jshy[)ii IY ~ii 200 8()fSllppll ) abs(Jcr

f 1 ~ II ~l A (c d ) 1 mldll L The in Il l le l kT of c~l ll) m iUlI) ~lI PjJkll1llllCili DJI

(in Ill(-Whoi i fll performaTlce Jl1 d

rL~irojllClioll of ~biry covs in a herri with

inlcaitu U(I~ilITence oj kltosis ( tech J AlIilTl-Ll Sci 2()Ctl -189 J4()-~-i~

45 Lin (k1lannlVl I) Vood C )1 I brpu j

r KUIIKpoundLY ~ T i[Jck lso t) I A Diccal) chl~lntUm picolil1mc 1dJilJU[IS improve

gli II [eed md lClrC t~S chWlClni li c~ tl)

glvvi)g -ti ll i chirlg pigs 1no increIc litter

ir ill Ierroducill~ S()V~ J oni rn Sci 19lt) n 457-i(ii

16 Spllmiddot c I J Ldltcmal11p S E 11( (lv illi m and i nol l lio li v e()Illl filctot sy~l f m ilh

111 1~ lnIJ hl~ [ 011 clorntstir i1r1irnJo U~ il JC I Allin Encionin(l 1995 12

17 lir1mmorO ) i CO~~ N 1 r1lt)()rc A H F x()gcnou~ ill-llii rt J[lii ddittoll al el1C~rgy

ltiffcZ( folliClll ~ir di-lrihll(iOll (ill iClllar knllLl

~oJ)cc nrf1tioll s ([11 gr1llltln1 cell hll l llill

lIwnollir gIJnaJrJlnif1i 11 hi nt iIll i II ~ill B io Hpmd 1990 ~ middot13 l -7

1K Cox N ~1 Slultlr( 11 J Alhcll T (i IkllllCU W A Miller H V Cnllllf lllenl or UVUI ll iOII rak

ill gillS by inciea~irt dicl1JY cllcrgymd administering insuli[1 during jolllcliar llovth J Anim ~ci 1987 64 5U7 --lh

Page 3: . CONTENTS - Sudan University of Science and Technology · contents . editorial . advertising policy . forum editorial . flu vaccine and hajj implications . article . 1. reproduction

~llpplcl1lcnlmi()n rOrll ilven srujics pcrfmmcd III (1~ iIY rHlk lWCnLY stUC]l( j1eriormcd iniJccf cirtl e m J sevell studies pcdOflllxl iTl ~ heep The [I)li ll c()rc lus iom wtrt illcon)ist cncy tHllOllg Lile

h ulls nf thGs- slud les WIU in lltt l lienc) ur lJilahk da ta gC IlGralc( tjom thcn l III altcs Cr l c qlil(~ llIelll~ foc fum inI1S It Via also c )JI ~ hJ kd tkll dielry supp[emeJl(alioti uf Cr LuulJ hL hCllcficial fur the Ilcallh arid vell bGitlg

of 11111lllClllLgt durillg ([me ~ of Slfcss Chmmillll1

~Urplclll(ntuLi()rl (ltuscd lt) deCL~~ ill S( IUlll

corti sol cO l1celllntLions 1I(1l red to SticltsGd hrdcf (tIe~ andalLrrefl il l HrJL)(Ilt rtp() ncs of IaL~ Ll ([llg cl1iry co~ lld INeanj (a lvcs~ ~)

TlJll s i l iOn (rom ges( t lioJl LD laClJliOll j ~ I

tre rncrllltl ~ challenge in Ii I i fgt COIVS

(iJLlll l lller IC[()rLtci G~car SiflS of tlcpallc jil1iclusj~ at1d kelo[lcrniJ of v[lryiiiS (kgre(~s 01

c1(rity Jurlng 1hr [x riparLClIicll[ period Tilese 1l1(l~lh ()l i cll orJcri IIr assuc iaLed tirh o th er 11 1(~Ilttb ulic Vnd r(llnG~ llld r(prodLJ(tiv~ 1l1cl

1 J I 0ni 1 1lillI gall l I scasc~

II (~j([ Y LLl li Di1 dit11 y ~[ltr~y i IH~-(

Ll i l I gt Illcel ~Ie l ~ i dc mlI1d s hir lliIIL~lir

bUi cceICS 11lt1 ~i lk y ideJ lClIllint ill Ili g rl

ITih j i l dcLi v i Ijc ~ llld nCYlt i V( C11 i lgy ht l i) I C l~

in diiy C(~V -t(c()mJani~d by lac t o~middotco i anJ

ill ICIld l ev~ 1 uf lip)fy~ i (111(1 LiecrclL)cd

l i llfJf( lI sjj ill ao i po tiStlc Thimiddot ill(naslt)

I LIll)lie il~ ellsi s Ind ~I)COgl~lllIjyjs in the ][ver

(lflCI ligt~ ILIdle ~ mobili ClLiofl CIt PIUIClll Te~erves

110111 HillCL tis~lle2-

C ()1l ~idcI(1 tll i I1 ll~ - cst Ilde recc nty IkI()ll(l~ ill lJ ~ in g C( itS tn~~ IYC~ll1i ( cLllnl

bull ~I-=i )1

1~1llIl ~ ~ pITj)MllIJll 1111 11(par[ulll pnuJ- - H -lt- litL Ie illtorrnlTion ilt il~lituhle 011 tile Ln ~C I (If SU Ill klTHrlli ng ch Oll li LIITI Oil

l JlJ(Ijlil ~ lie p c rr()Jma rh~ u f C V ~ ll ndcr IH)~

~ JII)]IICI co C rJiri~II Th( Olj lTljv~ of Illl r jxi ilHI1( I ~ In IUale the 1(gtPO I( or li() l ~ 1lPIUduLlldll jlMUTlCler lif OI le in

~(IW J_iI Sl])jlklllcnliil ( l li~ I llcI hl(gtm)ufl)

i llrillg IICl I I)()lll h ~

f1ATERIALS Id) fFTllODS jgtlJ ilA 1 - iI[) Vl l eTS

Tk I ld ~ ~ I j I I middotJw ry fl l r ll l tO 1 111 ()Llfh (If

- bull -cl YIi rl I Ii l ll j I Ulgt I l OW II Jndlc~lj

[1shy

triUlliplrulls 11()bld II bl LIIIJ1~ U T~ lJ ~~J

in lhi~ IlilL lhc ( XI1NirllVJJI1I p_r iod va 12 I ) 1 1-m onths an( cow~ pant) LIII ~ lt rl ()l ll 10

l l l larioll These dn imlh wue 1llldJJlI y ltl~ klkd

rrOn1 (he h-ru and rilllciNllly lIi lj kd i lilo Ii)

JOllpS vr SO (()~ CI CI1 lJll rnll[l 1- i(~(1

dliling 1he encire CXi~tljl TWrtl [ 1__Ij- d )[1 a

corn)o] diel (T lbk I) 111 j 10111111(1((1 tC

ha ve all the IleCcltIY Illi l ricnl 10 Inl or

(~ V(cJ the rcqutnrncllT s jJJIIIJltllllcd by Ihe

NRC-iO Tlle)t (ond gruur 11 [(if U lI)Iol (Illt

fin l ) montllgt and then - UpkIl1Cllllod ill l

dllUTllUlll yeagtl (Al ltcch [I li idl(iI I~ ilk [(y

L S J Chroll1l11ni W[ ldltl((1 11 fl 1lIwl aC 1Ll lac

fCcOrir lllllJcd 1(1( 1 (4t-illd idIY) IJIII ill g I llc

remJining rhree mOll1l III Jul y Alletht lIlil

Scplct1lhn hid l rL rlCC ~Il1( I rl ll 11( ILk-(

rIwnlll s anJ dlnillg liid 11ll JJlinLl I lll

u--ulily exposlJ II) [w 1 Ie C()W~ UI fed ~l

lOut mixed 1)li u ll (I MIlt ) c llli )ill j of (() (()llCClI lralc mE x till tiKI 4W 1()I l I~ i 1 I ( gt

vere Kept Il nckl all CV[~l 1iltlli (~ _on l i 11 ~ y~l(lI

dlli II~ SU TIllllt r m nlllli

ChelJell c ll romilJ lli i ~ I 1111 1 ilii I~j d

1i itkJll LIIIIIJ1illlll-ni ( ()[illi Jii l T 1 ili)

Ilpmds Ie gllllltllnic KicJ C i c il ilt lIl il Iein i( l ~ ploducd hy ~ilIII Y(l~ III l j11

c hr~Il)il J IIledt J (C hIUHI )lIlli IIgtl id() 111 vill iLh ihl ~lbc)ve = ltImino ~hid ~ VLli~ iWUllll T I)( l ypL o f Y(i( lIcd ws 1 ~ll-ijll ~f Viallit lll lllll~ 01

SIiICIw(onlni r(nilaf wilh Ull llI III l lilll 01

26 ll)~g TilL yeJgtT t1(11 died [11 I n if1inl-(d ((mpCrallJl~ during lhe (11)illiC [lnilC~ ()11gt__ 11 [nc -~idll~Ilvilk Ky U~gti Hj~JI dicer culllell) N(TC dCicrmilwJ accqrd jl (U UC

I

f ()r lnJdf pi ulci II 11) n 1 SI 1 I i lIh hUl1 iln

iraquo rraCI ILl no 9(J) I i j ci dCil l n( ti he

IAUI) ~ ll) d n e ll ) l CicllTfcn r li h1 IHH) VCIC

~bS[y((J u si ne 111lt (1 lph~i 1I1I I lelt Ill Il()1 o i 111

So )1 t (I) ~ ThL rl(~l t 1l lt r l 1 1111 h 1~llinl l r [ 1(1) CO ll ~ C l]tralioll (1 [ t i le di ~[ V-d (~I II I~I Cil Di i~lllrV rnk illrn ilnd [)liop I1l1l() II gt CIL

nt ( rflliumiddotLi I) J1 1I1Ii l ~hn lll i Jl

gt-ptc llopIKI(CltlllLlgt ( fluJc l 1[1 flll~ l) ~lljllJ1

S iC IIlifil CJTIlcridFej

PROTOCOL r em I rgtJs rJf [ I( )-j

CA [ VTN Ci c r D CH i( )111 bull~1

U 111 3vl [1ltJ~Tl Ur 111 order 1 IIl l middot- i f1i f l I 11 01 1

d Ol In l iU lllmr r W 11 _ ~

~ I C illl lIli 1111(0(1 ill J itd Wl 1I1 T k

-

juri rht [cliod l f JC[li~ -U)ll1 T ll i periclcI

nincikrJ will ) rl(~ pCik of helt ~ [rss ill lilc

cCIHmj IcgHl[l Th ~ C()i Ven~ agllii bred Iw ing Ihe arnc pcri()(l1 in order If cli v e

til Iu(f [I hlalTh ApJi I

RElgtRO[)U( 1 1VE 1 ~IlIITcl~ S R~proJliclj~ Jl1 8)la gclIILrll via)

[JnlClrnK U iKco rdlllf 10 Sl i W litlLl oplr1r ill pmnrurc 0 1 111C diliry ~lrld JIJ U)lv -vel breLl hy IItifiliiI irl(llliriril)l I~ f) The (o[JoINing

rq)l( l lillctiVL pr) lllue r VC1~ calculaleu for elch c() cIllill~ the IV I-c l1on tl) (J[ (11lt

cAperillenlat peri od

bull C1J illt il ller d

bull Nllrnbcr of sCIvilc pl f ((lTlccplion

bull Dil ys fWlHcaivillgto ( heaL

bull O~I~S from Cil lng 10 r irscmil1il(iol1 bull C onc[([01l rllt (Ire~nJn I covsilnscmini[c1

COWS)

bull C()[lcltpli oTi ( i t( f(ulTI 1 irlsemillill()ll

(PlcgnlIlt lt~ OoS fU ll first i Il elli i nll ioni J1~ tol n i n1l ~c1 IO-VS)

bull Caivill rlLL ((ltII t-I I middot cowlnt~I1illatcrl rII~)

1 ()r Ilt (~ middotdv Pmiddot IiH I ImiddotIll o h(T~ caicllJaled lor tck i (roup dllrill ~ I )h Xr-CIIIllCI1Tli pCJioq

AI1n I [NT TElP[R TURI LIinHll11 1110 n11ninllitll ltl lllbienl

elllpcllIl1n dry IIIU wtt- hulh temperatures -(Te recocl1 (1li Iy arH1 Tcrl1jlCralUre-H tJmi ()i I Y Indcx CIH I) was ~~ d(llJitccl KCl))dill~ lO fHlI -- 1 ( I ( I

TI(( 072(TJhmiddotI Tvlh) 11fJ6 Tdh-=ICl1lpc r IIIICG o f Icy hulb Tvh-~r jp(rit llIrc ltIf vet hu lh

STATISTICAL iJLSrS Dal1 t( ~ llbJc~ICCl to -talisticll

dn lly~ i ~ Ill fI Ii i SAS pr()grltn SAS J9SJ l lt

The gCl lCldJ l i ll~Il Illudel (jIf1 mil le J~Ishy lJ llalc Ill l IIl- (lStvlTMS) were appli~d lO lllC

di( it TIK~ cic ci 0 1 rrcarlTlcnJ 011 SOll)(

1(pn)(1LI i c paraillLltr~ 1gt- k~lcd lIll~ the lu i lmv i n~ Ill() lc 1

v ii llt r + l Vltcr(middot

bull Itt -bull - jmiddot Tmiddotmiddot 1I1n fi r I tH~ J l Jltal l1l( nl

ppu J 1(If n nt j(

1i

T = lrcHmclll U= I (1 2) eiJ ~ fcsid lIaJ emIr

JUSLLTS JETEOlltOIDC ](1 Co J)I[ r() NS

figure (I ) dGp i( l ~ Uli IlietC(j [() llg j~i ll elMii (( ~lir(kJ uurin g Ih~ (x pCriln c lll ~ tI rUl nd illh)u~11 al l )n im ah were kepi II t)( kr 111

cO lling S - ~ lcrn o f rhc farlll Jll rJI ~ lI~ r l lt) lt r months veJage TI I1 Wi ( 1(1 rigllfC (J IMIV

thJ l Ihe l10rtcQ 11111111 h 0[ (jl( el WI~Il~ J 1I I

Augu( and Scptrm bu -rIre IILn i IIHI n

tcmlx~rtlir( ulllillg Ihe~e H111lllli HInged Im ill middot-1SJi TO 4(J o-C Ahife 1111 lInil r 1I 1-cd )14(11

fK9 to Nl i_rhus DLteding lile Ilpp~r nilicd

lilllit of THT (72 illl i(~) for dli ly 11 1lt1( i I(

v hi c h J([imals HIll suffer f mln iW H 11 II i ~ U()c lJlT)ct1[cd llia(in (he centlCLI rq i()n of Sllldi

1lt11[1 uuiry LOWS slIffLr IT- o I)) hcat lrc~s eVe l1 Vi lh lirificii c()(JJi n~ middot

REPRODt~CTIVF PAR)Imiddot1ETEkS Additg chro mium y e)lt[ ~o ll( ciiu i

uairy co alf e itcd (he cfftCl uf llit hal ~ Ir l--lt cIlJing ~H rll[ Jler m()I1tIIS Jc~u J lirlg irl il i~ii fiL ilrll l(nC I ~C in cah illg iliter-I In)1i I~ I()Imiddot~I I j

lu i J3 61t() 10 (i lYS OplTl frolll I I I 2 Ill 1)1

lO t middotS77+-907 anel Illlrl1hu oi n I(C Illl

tOllci ptiPII I Ie111 ltA4-+05f (1) 1751 fll1

(PltlJ UJ) Chromiulll J1~o [J1(f ~ I--(~(l cOln~~ril1 rate from firSl insemi nat ion from r5( II

)o1 ltYk ltl nil cJ]v ing ra te I[()lll () Igtl 10 ()rl() )( (1ltOOl 011 the n 1J1CT ill1(L ltilk1lIJg Cliro rllitlfil

did not (ioversell ~iftcct (bys TO po- t]1artlJlIl 1 middot 1

li el l nor d ~lYS (0 P()s tp~irlllill 1 1) gt-CCT1III~l tlon Inc] (oll cLjJliull nJle (T(lbk 2)

The IIIcleuroiogi ca ~

durillg summer rnHl(h~ JnimJI nny ~ ul[tr Iro m

heal Slres inc( THf lxcec(kd ll ll UPpCI trili cai limit (72 Ti ll Ull j)) rut eLli]) In k

Tl lj cOlrobUlil lt previOI1 S I in d illg~ Ihll in Ih e

cellWl1 region of SlllUi iruhilt (birv C(gt Id l l1

1n))H I1clt s tress 11cspj(C (1)( llS~ o f J( ilicrd

COOlillz iY The prese nl lmiddote ldl~ lvcled Ili ) h~1 Gdvi ng in ren(ll d~IY opt1l aIl d mllll hlt 1)1

~~crvin~ pe r nnCGptiOJl i l l Cl llt)o l -i I U (I kd crQUP which lay he dll In ilf JI qn~s~ dic([ - I l I l i111 Ilf ) t re~1 lS i~I~l( It 1 pre (I ~ l ll ll t -

~ P ~Illd Oll r 11 bt isli Li (bl IL I bull I bull

-middotIIP Imiddot)k nI Cm~llio l~ rCUlI ccd the - H~l lr hel ( ~ Il

-

Oll productioll Lct()r~ while mi lk yield wa igIJifican c y increased The re5ulls have also in1iLukd cltu add ing Cr lo th~uift of htclnti ll g Jai ) C()~ i~~i nficltlnt Iy imprO llI oome ur rhe IlprocluCli w parameters nHtllcly calving inlcrvmiddotiI days op~ n and numbel nfscrviccent$ per ()I t(c p(io l) Jher( j a de~lnh of i rl iorillalion (n the dfcc( qf Cr suppleme ntation OIJ reproduction of b cr(l (i Jlg dairy cows BryHl ( I lit) reported

fhll chrOJlJium sLlpplc rnenled C)NS kndccl to

111lt n 11irhcr (1lt01) 28~~J p regllancy raLe than cPlllrol cows rUll g et (Itll also repo ned hi gher cl nception lIlel l()w(T days () Pl~J1 on Crshy~u ll p Jelll[~lllc-d cows l1(I) cont rol animal s On the oliler hand P~ dlova ([ ar reponed thel( o- UP[)IClllenling chromium 10 J ~il y cow die JlOl

~iglljfj( ilnr[y Jffccl reprochlcl i ve h ll ldic)ns

I lownmiddoter (l C[Hicncy IcnvarJ higher COllCC[l li(lll

nHcS vts ronnd in the i1IolnillD1 ~ur]l lell1 ([llc d

~rollp III )C- nc l C01111110 11 repoll ~e tQer

sLlppIeIllCHlliil n i ~ i ncreased Il lle r sii1 4J bull rile

t)Iopocd mltchalli rn of -v1lich is il lCIeJscd

In diell) SLJr-pJemcn lat j011 for lti~1iry C()W~ Ulilkt hCll l ie i 111J11oved the rcprod ll Gl i Vl cifICICllly Tti impn)vqne lH cOl de bl duC to illlflI ()VCU rl~d

j[wke amI pl l)gtioioglla l cel l slj(U i ot il(middot ani mal) lolll)l-ing Cr suppIC mnIal imt

ACK1OLF-I)(JEM ENTS

A1thors wish to cprelt-$ deere-I lll prcc lilljr)[

lO all th(~ rnemLlTS (1 macl (bil) hl(li Iilh ~ p(cjal than ks w 1r AbduLlah 1 illl)tih 11[1 Ibrahim AI- IJubaib Jvlr JVlidlilil r Ki lkenny

lrld [k HfmoacoTl Adllr) Orn ~lJ_ r(l llfIj i II~ Ju l

the Vor l Our grlliludc 0 Dr Ddll r10-1- for hii lClh 11 jUt ~ ltpp)n [1cciiI hlliK l

extended LO [IIr Norll llttli Vi h ~()) 1m ~di(i ll lhi manuscript

Tlbh I Chemi ca ~()n ~tittll nL of (be hpoundlsal diet fed to nlultiparl)lls HlIlstein lttll~

2n() ------

S )S O

middotmiddotmiddot[ bullbullmiddot1middot0middotmiddot -1 I-[()()()--

2(j

(III li l cd i~~1 Ill ~ t cl l li~ KI mHmiddot t l ~ I I L1 06 In kr C gt I a 1)) i~ l -)11 l)~ k ~ 1 h ~IJ tr ~ I VII) II Ir ~ I

lid III) I ~l~ t-g 711 oC lilli lled r j

CdIIII(~ d IJSH ll)o cqlJ~ li 1 licui)( d -Y ii In)

n1 [)1 lat~ middot

~ I I= I I I l lI lT y ICI I_idr li c n I l - Ai d Cou rr g lt fll lirmiddotcL

rlt f Imiddot- middotlt U I ~ i I)d lt 111 Fib

16

-

Tltlllt~ 2 I (~)s-sqllanlt 1I1t-ltJIlS alld ~tH)(_brd ~rrlr ISL ) ror npnHlndin ]KII- lt lnl1rs as

i1lttlld hy InatmcnLs

~

~ -I

Fi g ure I Avenl~e (If (hl xi 111 UIll Iinimum tcnlwraiurc and THI ppoundr mll)th

1

laquo 2i

I

Gmiddot i

II

bull I

~

~ ) -

(1 f)

- i i l

-

bull (g )

~ I tr middot ~~) X

II Tftl 1 r

-II

(7

RLFLRElCES

I I-llistrons I) V Hear tre- ill~erac(ioll~

i-ilb slt)(k laquo[Ii cooling J Dliry S~i

1994 77 2044-2050

2_ Thatcher V -V_ Effects of ~ea~oll climate

clllU 1tl1lptTC1ture on repmuudioJ wKI

lacLaLioll J Dairy SLi 1)74 57 360middot-J6o

~ luqua) J V Hlal ~lrcss l- il afr~cb

iHli m1 pro(luctiol1 J Anim ~Gi 11 52 1(i1 J71

4 Clzd~HI~kas F C Effects of climat 011

I(pmdlldioll i II cmt1l~ J DCii I) Sci I I)~) ()i) 1)6S- Ll7X

5 l -bllicll P r Arechiga C F SLraLefie~ Ior

[)~nq~Lng reprocludion III lh~ h(~8middot

[l middotcsscLi [jar 1) [0 J Daify Sci I ()())~ -12

i7 ~)-)n

(IVnlrCII~()11 0 I~ oth I middotI~II1l I~

1mpllled rtproduc Iion iTl tleaL-Lres~d

middotcl(llc Ikl middotk laquole [Iplicd ~l~pCc( i-irl1

P-cpmcl Si_ ~)()() ()Omiddot-lt) I ~35middot-~47

-- R udctlge J J he 01 em hry() Irall -fef W(J

[V 1- 10 bypas~ dfl~CLS ui ltCdl slTC~

ThlJ iugolwlog 700 1 55 J ()() 1 I l

~ H~t)JC[l r J Drost ]1 RivCcii R M Palllci LI)I)~ ji 1- J KarHl ~llli Y 1 u 11 _ (iV(ISC impact or ilLI[ slre--middot Of) ulibryo pmrillLliol1 CpoundU-ilS ClJ1l1 SIriilColl- fl) mi Li 1la(lUIJ Thnluglt1l01ogy OO I 5 91 i 1)3

() I~ 1- NtlULy r D I~s~[) Ci A 5lkl)1 1 1J r llCC ( of jC 2l~()l1 ltlI1d level ui pluh1 ion 011 hC)llillltllI~~iCill vllJeS in Tl)[-I~irl ((1-

111amp111 T_niliL Sli 1 yg(-i Sh ~~11 ~i I

(I LAI J l~lJl ll D ReitHyl F F IIL _I

(11 kmpE l-alUI~ sC HSOl1 OJl bomiddoti fie lmiddotidlIMl

L()J li~d tlJllion blood c~ll prnfi k JII

m i l l prltdlllilIl I l)middot)iIY ~c iiIgt i) - O-I-l 1)

ILI L I U-L I U l ~ o~ ll_- f( I U I-I i ()111-[1[1]0 ~i(II awl

h(YQ OJ) h])ud dlnlIlIIlic- 1 d~jiry Ctlllr 1

DJilY Sci j l)~ l 64 62 -7IJ

l2 Washhurn Smiddot r Siv iil W J Rrtlvmiddot[t C I-I

McDwit1 B 1 1iAllill1 - J TlLmb ill rcpJocllKtiv [J-rfrlJIWlcT JII )OlllhlJ~It_ Ji1

lIol((tll and le-rsl-Y Dill IKJ(h J f)liry Sci 2U02 ~5 24d251

lJ lvuorv lZ JJ jmiddotU(llIilY J V Dr~)llJ W I Effects of 111( ~c gt tJ( pmiddotfJ llc( cMl~ lrI

postpilrrUIll milk pIImiddotfductioll Hlcl rcrroLiucLiort

ill dallY callie I I) illv SI 1()t)L is J shy

18W

14 Rry D E Hllbh T j -111[ HHlt I) V

~~aQn and ll (Cllion 1llll1ber (I feeL on JIli It-- produllion unu rtprodllditlll nf (biry (alitC in

Ari7nnl J l)liry Ii lt)j 7~21)7()-29f

I) Ulhcr I lJ I-lllrlLTillli j J Eilibryo de1111

rsulti[tg CrouJ 11 jr(~ iHi lmiddotfirll)(IH Oil

~JX~I-IllmiddotH071l 01 ()~I1 Ilim S i IC)() ( ~71-577

1( JOIdall C R Sd-JI~d(11 Iv J l)llI[ I Hels(I1IlCI A [middotIIl)lmiddot(~-- KI 1 i

COlllpmiddotlrloOll uJ lgtmiddotl li)lled tlrilil~id

i lJ s(nlinClri-fl1 (TJ1 pr(l()(ollt tnr IlllmwrIIl~1l1

of fil Iliiminlion ~lLI[1(tllll1 1 J)liry -i 2002~ S 1 (j()2-l nos

n C(cI1l1i11 J []-ZadnUII)- S I Llenlt) Il~ Rozell T C Smjlh J r (( jl~n )l lLmlivc [

hreedl1l PlOlOd)[ Irll- delil-Y c i(p()~ld (-J

1--ilvallJ WIIlLll1 l[lljlldtUI middotC IK11[1 UJ 111(1

c(llvin~ Or- buOl J I Iil Y i )O() I ~ l 7(19shyX(j(L

h Ingl~ll~lm R H S(dliky R W W~I~cllCr V f

Rrlnli()i1~hil) nf Ilri~(ll)r llld IlllliLlilv If)

C(Jn~LpliilI1 11 111 lldlIill C(W ill Ili J ))wry Sli_ l (( --f 2i-( zno_

I () klfl V CllOl)llJlll in ]IlJiTlJil Illllli)ll i

leV - I ~lJ II I q I - (

2(1 KHlIl t ll I 11( bull 111111

kSOlI ill l lllln llUI I lln

ElculIJiln jl~lmiddot 1 ))CL

18

Nr~c The role (1f ClJrorlliurri ][I animal21shylullirion COIIllllitxmiddot on Animal NLirrill(1lJ -thi 11 glOIi DC Jiltiolli-ti

caJn-I of ScicllcC-gt-il[lonal ReseClrch

Council 1997

RUIlurI f L Ke-j1lIi rVl j-lt 1 Kilpi 1 S U f 5(J2 R l 1lttgUlatiort of L-clecLin arid eel] g Oil tmvllltmiddot nClItrupltiis by g-l ucocortlcoilh EffecI or corrisol 1Ild deKitlTwth1S0JlC J LCllk HiuL 19()pound) ~ S ~1 )1

1) JlIrlorl J L Ivlallard [I A rvl~wnt D N EJrc~h or suppk m(l1tal cillOrlliUrll on

iTrllllUnc IrmiddotS[J()nse- ~ of pelipaltll ricnt tlCJd

carly la~Llli()1l Jairy cov J Anim ~ci

19 1jJ 71 15J2

24 (inllllrntJ [~ R fJi oloy or lipid-related ITIC[ilhntlc di sorders in [Criparmrient dairy cmmiddots 1 D)iry i 1993 76~ 38~2-J896

2) CnnC3 1 T Ertgt J [ ~ Scarlerf J PaLh

iHlU lysi s Im seven l-lu)LJilrtUll1 disonler- uC Hulsllil) i( ~ I l)liry Sci 199J 7()

I ~U)- I 11 2

2( Cuppock C L EnClgi nutritlon and

)flcllbol~Slll 01 fhe 1l-~IMirlg duiry COv

J Dair) Sci 1985 6gmiddot )4()3-_HHl

27 Co l ier JZ J IVllNulTlara J P IaI18ce C R IJdlOlf rl H A l-vic-v u[ ~CHlUCri JJC

regulation ot metabolisll1 during lacratioll J [lilli sci ()~1 51) middotV)g-S 1O

28 Debr1S 12 CJizucj I i na E Tcssc-raud S C](ilmprcdnll C Aml) iVI Insulin

~eI1SrlVlly Jnd re~ron-1enes) Juring ideratioll and uy peJilJd in guats Am 1 pilleiol I (JS9 ]5(1 29)-02

29 011lU H Nakai L Korrda 1 lerashimltl Y Insu lin rcspOTl jvlncs LU glucusl and li osuc lCspon)lel1~s ro in~ulill ill l Ictali l) p1e2ll1ll ~ j rrd n(l1pr~gnlIll

liunla~ t l jl l bed COmiddotmiddot 1 Anim )Cl

19JI W 1122 1127

lt- ~c Jlitf bulld Pe~ ltlf h Council U [ I L n( Fcq1I 1middott1llenL ()C I )ome-I I C

Animals 7 revi(( middot cdliJoll - lIir1 i[(II

DC --mc 200 j

31 AOAC ASSOClUlion (r Otf[lj~tl nllyll11

17 ilCilerTli-ts Official l1elhod of iTIIIYI~ cditrorL Wahingroll DC ]0( 2()()()

T2 Varl Soest P J Robcrbon T I~ [A Vj Ii i Vle ll)()(b for dielarytibN Il c lllr~d i1clergl l)l fjber and nonltlarch POIY~(ilcha riJ( III

relalion to animal tlmrilioll middot J j)lilY u

1lt)r I 74 Y)8J-]597 ~~ V(iss V P E Li rm Ling ilVlildbk~ cncqry

COJltent of ked fur ddilY 1llrl- J fJ)iry ci 1lt)09~ 81 ~30~J9

J4 M~lJst L E v1cDmvti1 P F floo( II 1 W rtf~cr of Sutl)J[lcr llllllCImiddot on

perfOmltlnCeof llo1 sIcin C(JS in Ir~ lirllc sage u llaclalioD J Dairy Sci 1(n 55 133-1 YJ

35 SS ll~~cr guide St~tisric (trY r~( S )

ln st lilL~ 1098

36 Johnson H D Bi()eli1llal~~ IIHI liv lmk III

John oll II D (lt1 GloclirrIC)lUilgy arll1 jill

1JIJllt1tioli of Jivl~Lp(k mslndllll ltthedll1cls EJsmiddotiLT S~llT1(X lIhll-Jlne

HV19iHt

37 Collier R J Beede 0 K Tatchcr r 1 [ ld

L A ViJcQ C J IntlllcrCcS of l r y iIO(OI [l1

and its lTIodifi LiILioll on cbiry ~ lllimlr hGl ll

and prodnctioll J Dtlir) Sci 19~2 ()i 22Ushy2227

]ji AI-HaiJary A A Iogilai I A AIh~lilh 11 Tlw cHeer of heat srrcio 011 milk pnxlucli oll llId ltOll1e lllem-IOfeg1l1atory rcspofllt( of high proulJci [g Holstein cJtitt i 11 erni - l1 itl environment J of King Saud Uni A il ri Sci 20(J1 14 5-54

39 iI-Haiclary Alsogk[ir blt) Iil1 M Influence of Jl iHin su ppkrlh~ri (ion )I)

thermoregu lawry respOllseS Jnli r~rr()fIT)II1CC

ut- HOJsTC~1l caclle ULilillg the urrlrllcr 1f1lf1til

J of King Sltlud Urliv AgJ i S~I 211)J~ 1-

J-S

JOYlllg V 7 i) D N Sl ~ I y tI ~ I I ~ I

1lt r flec I pI lhromillnl ~Ippk I)Wllt l i 11 11I1

19

rlrly lact~l(lOn p-Iiorm-lme ()f Holstein C()I gt C~n J Anim Sli 1996 yl~ 2~ J ~

230

middot11 Jbvirli i [ifnl1lcr D H BllLics S J Sock ~1 T Crummer R R Effec l ur cil[omillln suppJenlcilWtion on proJuc1ion 111M rmlabo lie paramclc[s i ll

peripmtlic1lt dairy cows J Dairy Sci

2(jO I t4 l2 1~-1230

middotr 1 Saiady tvl y AI-Shaikh M A AIshyMuiarrej S J AI-Shovei][li TA jl(J~mer H H 1 ltJI fJCecl of chLm~d clmHnil1n1 Slppkl1ltn(i(1~ 011 l ilC1alion perrorm~ln r e Hlri huud pa1melers or Hols(in cows

1I1lCkl hCJl ~lres ] Ani Irlal l-ecJ Science allJ Tcd lflO[Ogy 2()()4~ 1 I i~ 123-23 1

-13 Br)) 1 A Socha Vi T Tomtinsol D J Url~CI of upplLmeming ird ell~dy grltllcd ble gC18tlOll and early hlcrarioll dairy c(m~ virh c hrum iullI-L-f11Clhi()linc Jshy[)ii IY ~ii 200 8()fSllppll ) abs(Jcr

f 1 ~ II ~l A (c d ) 1 mldll L The in Il l le l kT of c~l ll) m iUlI) ~lI PjJkll1llllCili DJI

(in Ill(-Whoi i fll performaTlce Jl1 d

rL~irojllClioll of ~biry covs in a herri with

inlcaitu U(I~ilITence oj kltosis ( tech J AlIilTl-Ll Sci 2()Ctl -189 J4()-~-i~

45 Lin (k1lannlVl I) Vood C )1 I brpu j

r KUIIKpoundLY ~ T i[Jck lso t) I A Diccal) chl~lntUm picolil1mc 1dJilJU[IS improve

gli II [eed md lClrC t~S chWlClni li c~ tl)

glvvi)g -ti ll i chirlg pigs 1no increIc litter

ir ill Ierroducill~ S()V~ J oni rn Sci 19lt) n 457-i(ii

16 Spllmiddot c I J Ldltcmal11p S E 11( (lv illi m and i nol l lio li v e()Illl filctot sy~l f m ilh

111 1~ lnIJ hl~ [ 011 clorntstir i1r1irnJo U~ il JC I Allin Encionin(l 1995 12

17 lir1mmorO ) i CO~~ N 1 r1lt)()rc A H F x()gcnou~ ill-llii rt J[lii ddittoll al el1C~rgy

ltiffcZ( folliClll ~ir di-lrihll(iOll (ill iClllar knllLl

~oJ)cc nrf1tioll s ([11 gr1llltln1 cell hll l llill

lIwnollir gIJnaJrJlnif1i 11 hi nt iIll i II ~ill B io Hpmd 1990 ~ middot13 l -7

1K Cox N ~1 Slultlr( 11 J Alhcll T (i IkllllCU W A Miller H V Cnllllf lllenl or UVUI ll iOII rak

ill gillS by inciea~irt dicl1JY cllcrgymd administering insuli[1 during jolllcliar llovth J Anim ~ci 1987 64 5U7 --lh

Page 4: . CONTENTS - Sudan University of Science and Technology · contents . editorial . advertising policy . forum editorial . flu vaccine and hajj implications . article . 1. reproduction

juri rht [cliod l f JC[li~ -U)ll1 T ll i periclcI

nincikrJ will ) rl(~ pCik of helt ~ [rss ill lilc

cCIHmj IcgHl[l Th ~ C()i Ven~ agllii bred Iw ing Ihe arnc pcri()(l1 in order If cli v e

til Iu(f [I hlalTh ApJi I

RElgtRO[)U( 1 1VE 1 ~IlIITcl~ S R~proJliclj~ Jl1 8)la gclIILrll via)

[JnlClrnK U iKco rdlllf 10 Sl i W litlLl oplr1r ill pmnrurc 0 1 111C diliry ~lrld JIJ U)lv -vel breLl hy IItifiliiI irl(llliriril)l I~ f) The (o[JoINing

rq)l( l lillctiVL pr) lllue r VC1~ calculaleu for elch c() cIllill~ the IV I-c l1on tl) (J[ (11lt

cAperillenlat peri od

bull C1J illt il ller d

bull Nllrnbcr of sCIvilc pl f ((lTlccplion

bull Dil ys fWlHcaivillgto ( heaL

bull O~I~S from Cil lng 10 r irscmil1il(iol1 bull C onc[([01l rllt (Ire~nJn I covsilnscmini[c1

COWS)

bull C()[lcltpli oTi ( i t( f(ulTI 1 irlsemillill()ll

(PlcgnlIlt lt~ OoS fU ll first i Il elli i nll ioni J1~ tol n i n1l ~c1 IO-VS)

bull Caivill rlLL ((ltII t-I I middot cowlnt~I1illatcrl rII~)

1 ()r Ilt (~ middotdv Pmiddot IiH I ImiddotIll o h(T~ caicllJaled lor tck i (roup dllrill ~ I )h Xr-CIIIllCI1Tli pCJioq

AI1n I [NT TElP[R TURI LIinHll11 1110 n11ninllitll ltl lllbienl

elllpcllIl1n dry IIIU wtt- hulh temperatures -(Te recocl1 (1li Iy arH1 Tcrl1jlCralUre-H tJmi ()i I Y Indcx CIH I) was ~~ d(llJitccl KCl))dill~ lO fHlI -- 1 ( I ( I

TI(( 072(TJhmiddotI Tvlh) 11fJ6 Tdh-=ICl1lpc r IIIICG o f Icy hulb Tvh-~r jp(rit llIrc ltIf vet hu lh

STATISTICAL iJLSrS Dal1 t( ~ llbJc~ICCl to -talisticll

dn lly~ i ~ Ill fI Ii i SAS pr()grltn SAS J9SJ l lt

The gCl lCldJ l i ll~Il Illudel (jIf1 mil le J~Ishy lJ llalc Ill l IIl- (lStvlTMS) were appli~d lO lllC

di( it TIK~ cic ci 0 1 rrcarlTlcnJ 011 SOll)(

1(pn)(1LI i c paraillLltr~ 1gt- k~lcd lIll~ the lu i lmv i n~ Ill() lc 1

v ii llt r + l Vltcr(middot

bull Itt -bull - jmiddot Tmiddotmiddot 1I1n fi r I tH~ J l Jltal l1l( nl

ppu J 1(If n nt j(

1i

T = lrcHmclll U= I (1 2) eiJ ~ fcsid lIaJ emIr

JUSLLTS JETEOlltOIDC ](1 Co J)I[ r() NS

figure (I ) dGp i( l ~ Uli IlietC(j [() llg j~i ll elMii (( ~lir(kJ uurin g Ih~ (x pCriln c lll ~ tI rUl nd illh)u~11 al l )n im ah were kepi II t)( kr 111

cO lling S - ~ lcrn o f rhc farlll Jll rJI ~ lI~ r l lt) lt r months veJage TI I1 Wi ( 1(1 rigllfC (J IMIV

thJ l Ihe l10rtcQ 11111111 h 0[ (jl( el WI~Il~ J 1I I

Augu( and Scptrm bu -rIre IILn i IIHI n

tcmlx~rtlir( ulllillg Ihe~e H111lllli HInged Im ill middot-1SJi TO 4(J o-C Ahife 1111 lInil r 1I 1-cd )14(11

fK9 to Nl i_rhus DLteding lile Ilpp~r nilicd

lilllit of THT (72 illl i(~) for dli ly 11 1lt1( i I(

v hi c h J([imals HIll suffer f mln iW H 11 II i ~ U()c lJlT)ct1[cd llia(in (he centlCLI rq i()n of Sllldi

1lt11[1 uuiry LOWS slIffLr IT- o I)) hcat lrc~s eVe l1 Vi lh lirificii c()(JJi n~ middot

REPRODt~CTIVF PAR)Imiddot1ETEkS Additg chro mium y e)lt[ ~o ll( ciiu i

uairy co alf e itcd (he cfftCl uf llit hal ~ Ir l--lt cIlJing ~H rll[ Jler m()I1tIIS Jc~u J lirlg irl il i~ii fiL ilrll l(nC I ~C in cah illg iliter-I In)1i I~ I()Imiddot~I I j

lu i J3 61t() 10 (i lYS OplTl frolll I I I 2 Ill 1)1

lO t middotS77+-907 anel Illlrl1hu oi n I(C Illl

tOllci ptiPII I Ie111 ltA4-+05f (1) 1751 fll1

(PltlJ UJ) Chromiulll J1~o [J1(f ~ I--(~(l cOln~~ril1 rate from firSl insemi nat ion from r5( II

)o1 ltYk ltl nil cJ]v ing ra te I[()lll () Igtl 10 ()rl() )( (1ltOOl 011 the n 1J1CT ill1(L ltilk1lIJg Cliro rllitlfil

did not (ioversell ~iftcct (bys TO po- t]1artlJlIl 1 middot 1

li el l nor d ~lYS (0 P()s tp~irlllill 1 1) gt-CCT1III~l tlon Inc] (oll cLjJliull nJle (T(lbk 2)

The IIIcleuroiogi ca ~

durillg summer rnHl(h~ JnimJI nny ~ ul[tr Iro m

heal Slres inc( THf lxcec(kd ll ll UPpCI trili cai limit (72 Ti ll Ull j)) rut eLli]) In k

Tl lj cOlrobUlil lt previOI1 S I in d illg~ Ihll in Ih e

cellWl1 region of SlllUi iruhilt (birv C(gt Id l l1

1n))H I1clt s tress 11cspj(C (1)( llS~ o f J( ilicrd

COOlillz iY The prese nl lmiddote ldl~ lvcled Ili ) h~1 Gdvi ng in ren(ll d~IY opt1l aIl d mllll hlt 1)1

~~crvin~ pe r nnCGptiOJl i l l Cl llt)o l -i I U (I kd crQUP which lay he dll In ilf JI qn~s~ dic([ - I l I l i111 Ilf ) t re~1 lS i~I~l( It 1 pre (I ~ l ll ll t -

~ P ~Illd Oll r 11 bt isli Li (bl IL I bull I bull

-middotIIP Imiddot)k nI Cm~llio l~ rCUlI ccd the - H~l lr hel ( ~ Il

-

Oll productioll Lct()r~ while mi lk yield wa igIJifican c y increased The re5ulls have also in1iLukd cltu add ing Cr lo th~uift of htclnti ll g Jai ) C()~ i~~i nficltlnt Iy imprO llI oome ur rhe IlprocluCli w parameters nHtllcly calving inlcrvmiddotiI days op~ n and numbel nfscrviccent$ per ()I t(c p(io l) Jher( j a de~lnh of i rl iorillalion (n the dfcc( qf Cr suppleme ntation OIJ reproduction of b cr(l (i Jlg dairy cows BryHl ( I lit) reported

fhll chrOJlJium sLlpplc rnenled C)NS kndccl to

111lt n 11irhcr (1lt01) 28~~J p regllancy raLe than cPlllrol cows rUll g et (Itll also repo ned hi gher cl nception lIlel l()w(T days () Pl~J1 on Crshy~u ll p Jelll[~lllc-d cows l1(I) cont rol animal s On the oliler hand P~ dlova ([ ar reponed thel( o- UP[)IClllenling chromium 10 J ~il y cow die JlOl

~iglljfj( ilnr[y Jffccl reprochlcl i ve h ll ldic)ns

I lownmiddoter (l C[Hicncy IcnvarJ higher COllCC[l li(lll

nHcS vts ronnd in the i1IolnillD1 ~ur]l lell1 ([llc d

~rollp III )C- nc l C01111110 11 repoll ~e tQer

sLlppIeIllCHlliil n i ~ i ncreased Il lle r sii1 4J bull rile

t)Iopocd mltchalli rn of -v1lich is il lCIeJscd

In diell) SLJr-pJemcn lat j011 for lti~1iry C()W~ Ulilkt hCll l ie i 111J11oved the rcprod ll Gl i Vl cifICICllly Tti impn)vqne lH cOl de bl duC to illlflI ()VCU rl~d

j[wke amI pl l)gtioioglla l cel l slj(U i ot il(middot ani mal) lolll)l-ing Cr suppIC mnIal imt

ACK1OLF-I)(JEM ENTS

A1thors wish to cprelt-$ deere-I lll prcc lilljr)[

lO all th(~ rnemLlTS (1 macl (bil) hl(li Iilh ~ p(cjal than ks w 1r AbduLlah 1 illl)tih 11[1 Ibrahim AI- IJubaib Jvlr JVlidlilil r Ki lkenny

lrld [k HfmoacoTl Adllr) Orn ~lJ_ r(l llfIj i II~ Ju l

the Vor l Our grlliludc 0 Dr Ddll r10-1- for hii lClh 11 jUt ~ ltpp)n [1cciiI hlliK l

extended LO [IIr Norll llttli Vi h ~()) 1m ~di(i ll lhi manuscript

Tlbh I Chemi ca ~()n ~tittll nL of (be hpoundlsal diet fed to nlultiparl)lls HlIlstein lttll~

2n() ------

S )S O

middotmiddotmiddot[ bullbullmiddot1middot0middotmiddot -1 I-[()()()--

2(j

(III li l cd i~~1 Ill ~ t cl l li~ KI mHmiddot t l ~ I I L1 06 In kr C gt I a 1)) i~ l -)11 l)~ k ~ 1 h ~IJ tr ~ I VII) II Ir ~ I

lid III) I ~l~ t-g 711 oC lilli lled r j

CdIIII(~ d IJSH ll)o cqlJ~ li 1 licui)( d -Y ii In)

n1 [)1 lat~ middot

~ I I= I I I l lI lT y ICI I_idr li c n I l - Ai d Cou rr g lt fll lirmiddotcL

rlt f Imiddot- middotlt U I ~ i I)d lt 111 Fib

16

-

Tltlllt~ 2 I (~)s-sqllanlt 1I1t-ltJIlS alld ~tH)(_brd ~rrlr ISL ) ror npnHlndin ]KII- lt lnl1rs as

i1lttlld hy InatmcnLs

~

~ -I

Fi g ure I Avenl~e (If (hl xi 111 UIll Iinimum tcnlwraiurc and THI ppoundr mll)th

1

laquo 2i

I

Gmiddot i

II

bull I

~

~ ) -

(1 f)

- i i l

-

bull (g )

~ I tr middot ~~) X

II Tftl 1 r

-II

(7

RLFLRElCES

I I-llistrons I) V Hear tre- ill~erac(ioll~

i-ilb slt)(k laquo[Ii cooling J Dliry S~i

1994 77 2044-2050

2_ Thatcher V -V_ Effects of ~ea~oll climate

clllU 1tl1lptTC1ture on repmuudioJ wKI

lacLaLioll J Dairy SLi 1)74 57 360middot-J6o

~ luqua) J V Hlal ~lrcss l- il afr~cb

iHli m1 pro(luctiol1 J Anim ~Gi 11 52 1(i1 J71

4 Clzd~HI~kas F C Effects of climat 011

I(pmdlldioll i II cmt1l~ J DCii I) Sci I I)~) ()i) 1)6S- Ll7X

5 l -bllicll P r Arechiga C F SLraLefie~ Ior

[)~nq~Lng reprocludion III lh~ h(~8middot

[l middotcsscLi [jar 1) [0 J Daify Sci I ()())~ -12

i7 ~)-)n

(IVnlrCII~()11 0 I~ oth I middotI~II1l I~

1mpllled rtproduc Iion iTl tleaL-Lres~d

middotcl(llc Ikl middotk laquole [Iplicd ~l~pCc( i-irl1

P-cpmcl Si_ ~)()() ()Omiddot-lt) I ~35middot-~47

-- R udctlge J J he 01 em hry() Irall -fef W(J

[V 1- 10 bypas~ dfl~CLS ui ltCdl slTC~

ThlJ iugolwlog 700 1 55 J ()() 1 I l

~ H~t)JC[l r J Drost ]1 RivCcii R M Palllci LI)I)~ ji 1- J KarHl ~llli Y 1 u 11 _ (iV(ISC impact or ilLI[ slre--middot Of) ulibryo pmrillLliol1 CpoundU-ilS ClJ1l1 SIriilColl- fl) mi Li 1la(lUIJ Thnluglt1l01ogy OO I 5 91 i 1)3

() I~ 1- NtlULy r D I~s~[) Ci A 5lkl)1 1 1J r llCC ( of jC 2l~()l1 ltlI1d level ui pluh1 ion 011 hC)llillltllI~~iCill vllJeS in Tl)[-I~irl ((1-

111amp111 T_niliL Sli 1 yg(-i Sh ~~11 ~i I

(I LAI J l~lJl ll D ReitHyl F F IIL _I

(11 kmpE l-alUI~ sC HSOl1 OJl bomiddoti fie lmiddotidlIMl

L()J li~d tlJllion blood c~ll prnfi k JII

m i l l prltdlllilIl I l)middot)iIY ~c iiIgt i) - O-I-l 1)

ILI L I U-L I U l ~ o~ ll_- f( I U I-I i ()111-[1[1]0 ~i(II awl

h(YQ OJ) h])ud dlnlIlIIlic- 1 d~jiry Ctlllr 1

DJilY Sci j l)~ l 64 62 -7IJ

l2 Washhurn Smiddot r Siv iil W J Rrtlvmiddot[t C I-I

McDwit1 B 1 1iAllill1 - J TlLmb ill rcpJocllKtiv [J-rfrlJIWlcT JII )OlllhlJ~It_ Ji1

lIol((tll and le-rsl-Y Dill IKJ(h J f)liry Sci 2U02 ~5 24d251

lJ lvuorv lZ JJ jmiddotU(llIilY J V Dr~)llJ W I Effects of 111( ~c gt tJ( pmiddotfJ llc( cMl~ lrI

postpilrrUIll milk pIImiddotfductioll Hlcl rcrroLiucLiort

ill dallY callie I I) illv SI 1()t)L is J shy

18W

14 Rry D E Hllbh T j -111[ HHlt I) V

~~aQn and ll (Cllion 1llll1ber (I feeL on JIli It-- produllion unu rtprodllditlll nf (biry (alitC in

Ari7nnl J l)liry Ii lt)j 7~21)7()-29f

I) Ulhcr I lJ I-lllrlLTillli j J Eilibryo de1111

rsulti[tg CrouJ 11 jr(~ iHi lmiddotfirll)(IH Oil

~JX~I-IllmiddotH071l 01 ()~I1 Ilim S i IC)() ( ~71-577

1( JOIdall C R Sd-JI~d(11 Iv J l)llI[ I Hels(I1IlCI A [middotIIl)lmiddot(~-- KI 1 i

COlllpmiddotlrloOll uJ lgtmiddotl li)lled tlrilil~id

i lJ s(nlinClri-fl1 (TJ1 pr(l()(ollt tnr IlllmwrIIl~1l1

of fil Iliiminlion ~lLI[1(tllll1 1 J)liry -i 2002~ S 1 (j()2-l nos

n C(cI1l1i11 J []-ZadnUII)- S I Llenlt) Il~ Rozell T C Smjlh J r (( jl~n )l lLmlivc [

hreedl1l PlOlOd)[ Irll- delil-Y c i(p()~ld (-J

1--ilvallJ WIIlLll1 l[lljlldtUI middotC IK11[1 UJ 111(1

c(llvin~ Or- buOl J I Iil Y i )O() I ~ l 7(19shyX(j(L

h Ingl~ll~lm R H S(dliky R W W~I~cllCr V f

Rrlnli()i1~hil) nf Ilri~(ll)r llld IlllliLlilv If)

C(Jn~LpliilI1 11 111 lldlIill C(W ill Ili J ))wry Sli_ l (( --f 2i-( zno_

I () klfl V CllOl)llJlll in ]IlJiTlJil Illllli)ll i

leV - I ~lJ II I q I - (

2(1 KHlIl t ll I 11( bull 111111

kSOlI ill l lllln llUI I lln

ElculIJiln jl~lmiddot 1 ))CL

18

Nr~c The role (1f ClJrorlliurri ][I animal21shylullirion COIIllllitxmiddot on Animal NLirrill(1lJ -thi 11 glOIi DC Jiltiolli-ti

caJn-I of ScicllcC-gt-il[lonal ReseClrch

Council 1997

RUIlurI f L Ke-j1lIi rVl j-lt 1 Kilpi 1 S U f 5(J2 R l 1lttgUlatiort of L-clecLin arid eel] g Oil tmvllltmiddot nClItrupltiis by g-l ucocortlcoilh EffecI or corrisol 1Ild deKitlTwth1S0JlC J LCllk HiuL 19()pound) ~ S ~1 )1

1) JlIrlorl J L Ivlallard [I A rvl~wnt D N EJrc~h or suppk m(l1tal cillOrlliUrll on

iTrllllUnc IrmiddotS[J()nse- ~ of pelipaltll ricnt tlCJd

carly la~Llli()1l Jairy cov J Anim ~ci

19 1jJ 71 15J2

24 (inllllrntJ [~ R fJi oloy or lipid-related ITIC[ilhntlc di sorders in [Criparmrient dairy cmmiddots 1 D)iry i 1993 76~ 38~2-J896

2) CnnC3 1 T Ertgt J [ ~ Scarlerf J PaLh

iHlU lysi s Im seven l-lu)LJilrtUll1 disonler- uC Hulsllil) i( ~ I l)liry Sci 199J 7()

I ~U)- I 11 2

2( Cuppock C L EnClgi nutritlon and

)flcllbol~Slll 01 fhe 1l-~IMirlg duiry COv

J Dair) Sci 1985 6gmiddot )4()3-_HHl

27 Co l ier JZ J IVllNulTlara J P IaI18ce C R IJdlOlf rl H A l-vic-v u[ ~CHlUCri JJC

regulation ot metabolisll1 during lacratioll J [lilli sci ()~1 51) middotV)g-S 1O

28 Debr1S 12 CJizucj I i na E Tcssc-raud S C](ilmprcdnll C Aml) iVI Insulin

~eI1SrlVlly Jnd re~ron-1enes) Juring ideratioll and uy peJilJd in guats Am 1 pilleiol I (JS9 ]5(1 29)-02

29 011lU H Nakai L Korrda 1 lerashimltl Y Insu lin rcspOTl jvlncs LU glucusl and li osuc lCspon)lel1~s ro in~ulill ill l Ictali l) p1e2ll1ll ~ j rrd n(l1pr~gnlIll

liunla~ t l jl l bed COmiddotmiddot 1 Anim )Cl

19JI W 1122 1127

lt- ~c Jlitf bulld Pe~ ltlf h Council U [ I L n( Fcq1I 1middott1llenL ()C I )ome-I I C

Animals 7 revi(( middot cdliJoll - lIir1 i[(II

DC --mc 200 j

31 AOAC ASSOClUlion (r Otf[lj~tl nllyll11

17 ilCilerTli-ts Official l1elhod of iTIIIYI~ cditrorL Wahingroll DC ]0( 2()()()

T2 Varl Soest P J Robcrbon T I~ [A Vj Ii i Vle ll)()(b for dielarytibN Il c lllr~d i1clergl l)l fjber and nonltlarch POIY~(ilcha riJ( III

relalion to animal tlmrilioll middot J j)lilY u

1lt)r I 74 Y)8J-]597 ~~ V(iss V P E Li rm Ling ilVlildbk~ cncqry

COJltent of ked fur ddilY 1llrl- J fJ)iry ci 1lt)09~ 81 ~30~J9

J4 M~lJst L E v1cDmvti1 P F floo( II 1 W rtf~cr of Sutl)J[lcr llllllCImiddot on

perfOmltlnCeof llo1 sIcin C(JS in Ir~ lirllc sage u llaclalioD J Dairy Sci 1(n 55 133-1 YJ

35 SS ll~~cr guide St~tisric (trY r~( S )

ln st lilL~ 1098

36 Johnson H D Bi()eli1llal~~ IIHI liv lmk III

John oll II D (lt1 GloclirrIC)lUilgy arll1 jill

1JIJllt1tioli of Jivl~Lp(k mslndllll ltthedll1cls EJsmiddotiLT S~llT1(X lIhll-Jlne

HV19iHt

37 Collier R J Beede 0 K Tatchcr r 1 [ ld

L A ViJcQ C J IntlllcrCcS of l r y iIO(OI [l1

and its lTIodifi LiILioll on cbiry ~ lllimlr hGl ll

and prodnctioll J Dtlir) Sci 19~2 ()i 22Ushy2227

]ji AI-HaiJary A A Iogilai I A AIh~lilh 11 Tlw cHeer of heat srrcio 011 milk pnxlucli oll llId ltOll1e lllem-IOfeg1l1atory rcspofllt( of high proulJci [g Holstein cJtitt i 11 erni - l1 itl environment J of King Saud Uni A il ri Sci 20(J1 14 5-54

39 iI-Haiclary Alsogk[ir blt) Iil1 M Influence of Jl iHin su ppkrlh~ri (ion )I)

thermoregu lawry respOllseS Jnli r~rr()fIT)II1CC

ut- HOJsTC~1l caclle ULilillg the urrlrllcr 1f1lf1til

J of King Sltlud Urliv AgJ i S~I 211)J~ 1-

J-S

JOYlllg V 7 i) D N Sl ~ I y tI ~ I I ~ I

1lt r flec I pI lhromillnl ~Ippk I)Wllt l i 11 11I1

19

rlrly lact~l(lOn p-Iiorm-lme ()f Holstein C()I gt C~n J Anim Sli 1996 yl~ 2~ J ~

230

middot11 Jbvirli i [ifnl1lcr D H BllLics S J Sock ~1 T Crummer R R Effec l ur cil[omillln suppJenlcilWtion on proJuc1ion 111M rmlabo lie paramclc[s i ll

peripmtlic1lt dairy cows J Dairy Sci

2(jO I t4 l2 1~-1230

middotr 1 Saiady tvl y AI-Shaikh M A AIshyMuiarrej S J AI-Shovei][li TA jl(J~mer H H 1 ltJI fJCecl of chLm~d clmHnil1n1 Slppkl1ltn(i(1~ 011 l ilC1alion perrorm~ln r e Hlri huud pa1melers or Hols(in cows

1I1lCkl hCJl ~lres ] Ani Irlal l-ecJ Science allJ Tcd lflO[Ogy 2()()4~ 1 I i~ 123-23 1

-13 Br)) 1 A Socha Vi T Tomtinsol D J Url~CI of upplLmeming ird ell~dy grltllcd ble gC18tlOll and early hlcrarioll dairy c(m~ virh c hrum iullI-L-f11Clhi()linc Jshy[)ii IY ~ii 200 8()fSllppll ) abs(Jcr

f 1 ~ II ~l A (c d ) 1 mldll L The in Il l le l kT of c~l ll) m iUlI) ~lI PjJkll1llllCili DJI

(in Ill(-Whoi i fll performaTlce Jl1 d

rL~irojllClioll of ~biry covs in a herri with

inlcaitu U(I~ilITence oj kltosis ( tech J AlIilTl-Ll Sci 2()Ctl -189 J4()-~-i~

45 Lin (k1lannlVl I) Vood C )1 I brpu j

r KUIIKpoundLY ~ T i[Jck lso t) I A Diccal) chl~lntUm picolil1mc 1dJilJU[IS improve

gli II [eed md lClrC t~S chWlClni li c~ tl)

glvvi)g -ti ll i chirlg pigs 1no increIc litter

ir ill Ierroducill~ S()V~ J oni rn Sci 19lt) n 457-i(ii

16 Spllmiddot c I J Ldltcmal11p S E 11( (lv illi m and i nol l lio li v e()Illl filctot sy~l f m ilh

111 1~ lnIJ hl~ [ 011 clorntstir i1r1irnJo U~ il JC I Allin Encionin(l 1995 12

17 lir1mmorO ) i CO~~ N 1 r1lt)()rc A H F x()gcnou~ ill-llii rt J[lii ddittoll al el1C~rgy

ltiffcZ( folliClll ~ir di-lrihll(iOll (ill iClllar knllLl

~oJ)cc nrf1tioll s ([11 gr1llltln1 cell hll l llill

lIwnollir gIJnaJrJlnif1i 11 hi nt iIll i II ~ill B io Hpmd 1990 ~ middot13 l -7

1K Cox N ~1 Slultlr( 11 J Alhcll T (i IkllllCU W A Miller H V Cnllllf lllenl or UVUI ll iOII rak

ill gillS by inciea~irt dicl1JY cllcrgymd administering insuli[1 during jolllcliar llovth J Anim ~ci 1987 64 5U7 --lh

Page 5: . CONTENTS - Sudan University of Science and Technology · contents . editorial . advertising policy . forum editorial . flu vaccine and hajj implications . article . 1. reproduction

Oll productioll Lct()r~ while mi lk yield wa igIJifican c y increased The re5ulls have also in1iLukd cltu add ing Cr lo th~uift of htclnti ll g Jai ) C()~ i~~i nficltlnt Iy imprO llI oome ur rhe IlprocluCli w parameters nHtllcly calving inlcrvmiddotiI days op~ n and numbel nfscrviccent$ per ()I t(c p(io l) Jher( j a de~lnh of i rl iorillalion (n the dfcc( qf Cr suppleme ntation OIJ reproduction of b cr(l (i Jlg dairy cows BryHl ( I lit) reported

fhll chrOJlJium sLlpplc rnenled C)NS kndccl to

111lt n 11irhcr (1lt01) 28~~J p regllancy raLe than cPlllrol cows rUll g et (Itll also repo ned hi gher cl nception lIlel l()w(T days () Pl~J1 on Crshy~u ll p Jelll[~lllc-d cows l1(I) cont rol animal s On the oliler hand P~ dlova ([ ar reponed thel( o- UP[)IClllenling chromium 10 J ~il y cow die JlOl

~iglljfj( ilnr[y Jffccl reprochlcl i ve h ll ldic)ns

I lownmiddoter (l C[Hicncy IcnvarJ higher COllCC[l li(lll

nHcS vts ronnd in the i1IolnillD1 ~ur]l lell1 ([llc d

~rollp III )C- nc l C01111110 11 repoll ~e tQer

sLlppIeIllCHlliil n i ~ i ncreased Il lle r sii1 4J bull rile

t)Iopocd mltchalli rn of -v1lich is il lCIeJscd

In diell) SLJr-pJemcn lat j011 for lti~1iry C()W~ Ulilkt hCll l ie i 111J11oved the rcprod ll Gl i Vl cifICICllly Tti impn)vqne lH cOl de bl duC to illlflI ()VCU rl~d

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ACK1OLF-I)(JEM ENTS

A1thors wish to cprelt-$ deere-I lll prcc lilljr)[

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extended LO [IIr Norll llttli Vi h ~()) 1m ~di(i ll lhi manuscript

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rlt f Imiddot- middotlt U I ~ i I)d lt 111 Fib

16

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Tltlllt~ 2 I (~)s-sqllanlt 1I1t-ltJIlS alld ~tH)(_brd ~rrlr ISL ) ror npnHlndin ]KII- lt lnl1rs as

i1lttlld hy InatmcnLs

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I I-llistrons I) V Hear tre- ill~erac(ioll~

i-ilb slt)(k laquo[Ii cooling J Dliry S~i

1994 77 2044-2050

2_ Thatcher V -V_ Effects of ~ea~oll climate

clllU 1tl1lptTC1ture on repmuudioJ wKI

lacLaLioll J Dairy SLi 1)74 57 360middot-J6o

~ luqua) J V Hlal ~lrcss l- il afr~cb

iHli m1 pro(luctiol1 J Anim ~Gi 11 52 1(i1 J71

4 Clzd~HI~kas F C Effects of climat 011

I(pmdlldioll i II cmt1l~ J DCii I) Sci I I)~) ()i) 1)6S- Ll7X

5 l -bllicll P r Arechiga C F SLraLefie~ Ior

[)~nq~Lng reprocludion III lh~ h(~8middot

[l middotcsscLi [jar 1) [0 J Daify Sci I ()())~ -12

i7 ~)-)n

(IVnlrCII~()11 0 I~ oth I middotI~II1l I~

1mpllled rtproduc Iion iTl tleaL-Lres~d

middotcl(llc Ikl middotk laquole [Iplicd ~l~pCc( i-irl1

P-cpmcl Si_ ~)()() ()Omiddot-lt) I ~35middot-~47

-- R udctlge J J he 01 em hry() Irall -fef W(J

[V 1- 10 bypas~ dfl~CLS ui ltCdl slTC~

ThlJ iugolwlog 700 1 55 J ()() 1 I l

~ H~t)JC[l r J Drost ]1 RivCcii R M Palllci LI)I)~ ji 1- J KarHl ~llli Y 1 u 11 _ (iV(ISC impact or ilLI[ slre--middot Of) ulibryo pmrillLliol1 CpoundU-ilS ClJ1l1 SIriilColl- fl) mi Li 1la(lUIJ Thnluglt1l01ogy OO I 5 91 i 1)3

() I~ 1- NtlULy r D I~s~[) Ci A 5lkl)1 1 1J r llCC ( of jC 2l~()l1 ltlI1d level ui pluh1 ion 011 hC)llillltllI~~iCill vllJeS in Tl)[-I~irl ((1-

111amp111 T_niliL Sli 1 yg(-i Sh ~~11 ~i I

(I LAI J l~lJl ll D ReitHyl F F IIL _I

(11 kmpE l-alUI~ sC HSOl1 OJl bomiddoti fie lmiddotidlIMl

L()J li~d tlJllion blood c~ll prnfi k JII

m i l l prltdlllilIl I l)middot)iIY ~c iiIgt i) - O-I-l 1)

ILI L I U-L I U l ~ o~ ll_- f( I U I-I i ()111-[1[1]0 ~i(II awl

h(YQ OJ) h])ud dlnlIlIIlic- 1 d~jiry Ctlllr 1

DJilY Sci j l)~ l 64 62 -7IJ

l2 Washhurn Smiddot r Siv iil W J Rrtlvmiddot[t C I-I

McDwit1 B 1 1iAllill1 - J TlLmb ill rcpJocllKtiv [J-rfrlJIWlcT JII )OlllhlJ~It_ Ji1

lIol((tll and le-rsl-Y Dill IKJ(h J f)liry Sci 2U02 ~5 24d251

lJ lvuorv lZ JJ jmiddotU(llIilY J V Dr~)llJ W I Effects of 111( ~c gt tJ( pmiddotfJ llc( cMl~ lrI

postpilrrUIll milk pIImiddotfductioll Hlcl rcrroLiucLiort

ill dallY callie I I) illv SI 1()t)L is J shy

18W

14 Rry D E Hllbh T j -111[ HHlt I) V

~~aQn and ll (Cllion 1llll1ber (I feeL on JIli It-- produllion unu rtprodllditlll nf (biry (alitC in

Ari7nnl J l)liry Ii lt)j 7~21)7()-29f

I) Ulhcr I lJ I-lllrlLTillli j J Eilibryo de1111

rsulti[tg CrouJ 11 jr(~ iHi lmiddotfirll)(IH Oil

~JX~I-IllmiddotH071l 01 ()~I1 Ilim S i IC)() ( ~71-577

1( JOIdall C R Sd-JI~d(11 Iv J l)llI[ I Hels(I1IlCI A [middotIIl)lmiddot(~-- KI 1 i

COlllpmiddotlrloOll uJ lgtmiddotl li)lled tlrilil~id

i lJ s(nlinClri-fl1 (TJ1 pr(l()(ollt tnr IlllmwrIIl~1l1

of fil Iliiminlion ~lLI[1(tllll1 1 J)liry -i 2002~ S 1 (j()2-l nos

n C(cI1l1i11 J []-ZadnUII)- S I Llenlt) Il~ Rozell T C Smjlh J r (( jl~n )l lLmlivc [

hreedl1l PlOlOd)[ Irll- delil-Y c i(p()~ld (-J

1--ilvallJ WIIlLll1 l[lljlldtUI middotC IK11[1 UJ 111(1

c(llvin~ Or- buOl J I Iil Y i )O() I ~ l 7(19shyX(j(L

h Ingl~ll~lm R H S(dliky R W W~I~cllCr V f

Rrlnli()i1~hil) nf Ilri~(ll)r llld IlllliLlilv If)

C(Jn~LpliilI1 11 111 lldlIill C(W ill Ili J ))wry Sli_ l (( --f 2i-( zno_

I () klfl V CllOl)llJlll in ]IlJiTlJil Illllli)ll i

leV - I ~lJ II I q I - (

2(1 KHlIl t ll I 11( bull 111111

kSOlI ill l lllln llUI I lln

ElculIJiln jl~lmiddot 1 ))CL

18

Nr~c The role (1f ClJrorlliurri ][I animal21shylullirion COIIllllitxmiddot on Animal NLirrill(1lJ -thi 11 glOIi DC Jiltiolli-ti

caJn-I of ScicllcC-gt-il[lonal ReseClrch

Council 1997

RUIlurI f L Ke-j1lIi rVl j-lt 1 Kilpi 1 S U f 5(J2 R l 1lttgUlatiort of L-clecLin arid eel] g Oil tmvllltmiddot nClItrupltiis by g-l ucocortlcoilh EffecI or corrisol 1Ild deKitlTwth1S0JlC J LCllk HiuL 19()pound) ~ S ~1 )1

1) JlIrlorl J L Ivlallard [I A rvl~wnt D N EJrc~h or suppk m(l1tal cillOrlliUrll on

iTrllllUnc IrmiddotS[J()nse- ~ of pelipaltll ricnt tlCJd

carly la~Llli()1l Jairy cov J Anim ~ci

19 1jJ 71 15J2

24 (inllllrntJ [~ R fJi oloy or lipid-related ITIC[ilhntlc di sorders in [Criparmrient dairy cmmiddots 1 D)iry i 1993 76~ 38~2-J896

2) CnnC3 1 T Ertgt J [ ~ Scarlerf J PaLh

iHlU lysi s Im seven l-lu)LJilrtUll1 disonler- uC Hulsllil) i( ~ I l)liry Sci 199J 7()

I ~U)- I 11 2

2( Cuppock C L EnClgi nutritlon and

)flcllbol~Slll 01 fhe 1l-~IMirlg duiry COv

J Dair) Sci 1985 6gmiddot )4()3-_HHl

27 Co l ier JZ J IVllNulTlara J P IaI18ce C R IJdlOlf rl H A l-vic-v u[ ~CHlUCri JJC

regulation ot metabolisll1 during lacratioll J [lilli sci ()~1 51) middotV)g-S 1O

28 Debr1S 12 CJizucj I i na E Tcssc-raud S C](ilmprcdnll C Aml) iVI Insulin

~eI1SrlVlly Jnd re~ron-1enes) Juring ideratioll and uy peJilJd in guats Am 1 pilleiol I (JS9 ]5(1 29)-02

29 011lU H Nakai L Korrda 1 lerashimltl Y Insu lin rcspOTl jvlncs LU glucusl and li osuc lCspon)lel1~s ro in~ulill ill l Ictali l) p1e2ll1ll ~ j rrd n(l1pr~gnlIll

liunla~ t l jl l bed COmiddotmiddot 1 Anim )Cl

19JI W 1122 1127

lt- ~c Jlitf bulld Pe~ ltlf h Council U [ I L n( Fcq1I 1middott1llenL ()C I )ome-I I C

Animals 7 revi(( middot cdliJoll - lIir1 i[(II

DC --mc 200 j

31 AOAC ASSOClUlion (r Otf[lj~tl nllyll11

17 ilCilerTli-ts Official l1elhod of iTIIIYI~ cditrorL Wahingroll DC ]0( 2()()()

T2 Varl Soest P J Robcrbon T I~ [A Vj Ii i Vle ll)()(b for dielarytibN Il c lllr~d i1clergl l)l fjber and nonltlarch POIY~(ilcha riJ( III

relalion to animal tlmrilioll middot J j)lilY u

1lt)r I 74 Y)8J-]597 ~~ V(iss V P E Li rm Ling ilVlildbk~ cncqry

COJltent of ked fur ddilY 1llrl- J fJ)iry ci 1lt)09~ 81 ~30~J9

J4 M~lJst L E v1cDmvti1 P F floo( II 1 W rtf~cr of Sutl)J[lcr llllllCImiddot on

perfOmltlnCeof llo1 sIcin C(JS in Ir~ lirllc sage u llaclalioD J Dairy Sci 1(n 55 133-1 YJ

35 SS ll~~cr guide St~tisric (trY r~( S )

ln st lilL~ 1098

36 Johnson H D Bi()eli1llal~~ IIHI liv lmk III

John oll II D (lt1 GloclirrIC)lUilgy arll1 jill

1JIJllt1tioli of Jivl~Lp(k mslndllll ltthedll1cls EJsmiddotiLT S~llT1(X lIhll-Jlne

HV19iHt

37 Collier R J Beede 0 K Tatchcr r 1 [ ld

L A ViJcQ C J IntlllcrCcS of l r y iIO(OI [l1

and its lTIodifi LiILioll on cbiry ~ lllimlr hGl ll

and prodnctioll J Dtlir) Sci 19~2 ()i 22Ushy2227

]ji AI-HaiJary A A Iogilai I A AIh~lilh 11 Tlw cHeer of heat srrcio 011 milk pnxlucli oll llId ltOll1e lllem-IOfeg1l1atory rcspofllt( of high proulJci [g Holstein cJtitt i 11 erni - l1 itl environment J of King Saud Uni A il ri Sci 20(J1 14 5-54

39 iI-Haiclary Alsogk[ir blt) Iil1 M Influence of Jl iHin su ppkrlh~ri (ion )I)

thermoregu lawry respOllseS Jnli r~rr()fIT)II1CC

ut- HOJsTC~1l caclle ULilillg the urrlrllcr 1f1lf1til

J of King Sltlud Urliv AgJ i S~I 211)J~ 1-

J-S

JOYlllg V 7 i) D N Sl ~ I y tI ~ I I ~ I

1lt r flec I pI lhromillnl ~Ippk I)Wllt l i 11 11I1

19

rlrly lact~l(lOn p-Iiorm-lme ()f Holstein C()I gt C~n J Anim Sli 1996 yl~ 2~ J ~

230

middot11 Jbvirli i [ifnl1lcr D H BllLics S J Sock ~1 T Crummer R R Effec l ur cil[omillln suppJenlcilWtion on proJuc1ion 111M rmlabo lie paramclc[s i ll

peripmtlic1lt dairy cows J Dairy Sci

2(jO I t4 l2 1~-1230

middotr 1 Saiady tvl y AI-Shaikh M A AIshyMuiarrej S J AI-Shovei][li TA jl(J~mer H H 1 ltJI fJCecl of chLm~d clmHnil1n1 Slppkl1ltn(i(1~ 011 l ilC1alion perrorm~ln r e Hlri huud pa1melers or Hols(in cows

1I1lCkl hCJl ~lres ] Ani Irlal l-ecJ Science allJ Tcd lflO[Ogy 2()()4~ 1 I i~ 123-23 1

-13 Br)) 1 A Socha Vi T Tomtinsol D J Url~CI of upplLmeming ird ell~dy grltllcd ble gC18tlOll and early hlcrarioll dairy c(m~ virh c hrum iullI-L-f11Clhi()linc Jshy[)ii IY ~ii 200 8()fSllppll ) abs(Jcr

f 1 ~ II ~l A (c d ) 1 mldll L The in Il l le l kT of c~l ll) m iUlI) ~lI PjJkll1llllCili DJI

(in Ill(-Whoi i fll performaTlce Jl1 d

rL~irojllClioll of ~biry covs in a herri with

inlcaitu U(I~ilITence oj kltosis ( tech J AlIilTl-Ll Sci 2()Ctl -189 J4()-~-i~

45 Lin (k1lannlVl I) Vood C )1 I brpu j

r KUIIKpoundLY ~ T i[Jck lso t) I A Diccal) chl~lntUm picolil1mc 1dJilJU[IS improve

gli II [eed md lClrC t~S chWlClni li c~ tl)

glvvi)g -ti ll i chirlg pigs 1no increIc litter

ir ill Ierroducill~ S()V~ J oni rn Sci 19lt) n 457-i(ii

16 Spllmiddot c I J Ldltcmal11p S E 11( (lv illi m and i nol l lio li v e()Illl filctot sy~l f m ilh

111 1~ lnIJ hl~ [ 011 clorntstir i1r1irnJo U~ il JC I Allin Encionin(l 1995 12

17 lir1mmorO ) i CO~~ N 1 r1lt)()rc A H F x()gcnou~ ill-llii rt J[lii ddittoll al el1C~rgy

ltiffcZ( folliClll ~ir di-lrihll(iOll (ill iClllar knllLl

~oJ)cc nrf1tioll s ([11 gr1llltln1 cell hll l llill

lIwnollir gIJnaJrJlnif1i 11 hi nt iIll i II ~ill B io Hpmd 1990 ~ middot13 l -7

1K Cox N ~1 Slultlr( 11 J Alhcll T (i IkllllCU W A Miller H V Cnllllf lllenl or UVUI ll iOII rak

ill gillS by inciea~irt dicl1JY cllcrgymd administering insuli[1 during jolllcliar llovth J Anim ~ci 1987 64 5U7 --lh

Page 6: . CONTENTS - Sudan University of Science and Technology · contents . editorial . advertising policy . forum editorial . flu vaccine and hajj implications . article . 1. reproduction

Tltlllt~ 2 I (~)s-sqllanlt 1I1t-ltJIlS alld ~tH)(_brd ~rrlr ISL ) ror npnHlndin ]KII- lt lnl1rs as

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RLFLRElCES

I I-llistrons I) V Hear tre- ill~erac(ioll~

i-ilb slt)(k laquo[Ii cooling J Dliry S~i

1994 77 2044-2050

2_ Thatcher V -V_ Effects of ~ea~oll climate

clllU 1tl1lptTC1ture on repmuudioJ wKI

lacLaLioll J Dairy SLi 1)74 57 360middot-J6o

~ luqua) J V Hlal ~lrcss l- il afr~cb

iHli m1 pro(luctiol1 J Anim ~Gi 11 52 1(i1 J71

4 Clzd~HI~kas F C Effects of climat 011

I(pmdlldioll i II cmt1l~ J DCii I) Sci I I)~) ()i) 1)6S- Ll7X

5 l -bllicll P r Arechiga C F SLraLefie~ Ior

[)~nq~Lng reprocludion III lh~ h(~8middot

[l middotcsscLi [jar 1) [0 J Daify Sci I ()())~ -12

i7 ~)-)n

(IVnlrCII~()11 0 I~ oth I middotI~II1l I~

1mpllled rtproduc Iion iTl tleaL-Lres~d

middotcl(llc Ikl middotk laquole [Iplicd ~l~pCc( i-irl1

P-cpmcl Si_ ~)()() ()Omiddot-lt) I ~35middot-~47

-- R udctlge J J he 01 em hry() Irall -fef W(J

[V 1- 10 bypas~ dfl~CLS ui ltCdl slTC~

ThlJ iugolwlog 700 1 55 J ()() 1 I l

~ H~t)JC[l r J Drost ]1 RivCcii R M Palllci LI)I)~ ji 1- J KarHl ~llli Y 1 u 11 _ (iV(ISC impact or ilLI[ slre--middot Of) ulibryo pmrillLliol1 CpoundU-ilS ClJ1l1 SIriilColl- fl) mi Li 1la(lUIJ Thnluglt1l01ogy OO I 5 91 i 1)3

() I~ 1- NtlULy r D I~s~[) Ci A 5lkl)1 1 1J r llCC ( of jC 2l~()l1 ltlI1d level ui pluh1 ion 011 hC)llillltllI~~iCill vllJeS in Tl)[-I~irl ((1-

111amp111 T_niliL Sli 1 yg(-i Sh ~~11 ~i I

(I LAI J l~lJl ll D ReitHyl F F IIL _I

(11 kmpE l-alUI~ sC HSOl1 OJl bomiddoti fie lmiddotidlIMl

L()J li~d tlJllion blood c~ll prnfi k JII

m i l l prltdlllilIl I l)middot)iIY ~c iiIgt i) - O-I-l 1)

ILI L I U-L I U l ~ o~ ll_- f( I U I-I i ()111-[1[1]0 ~i(II awl

h(YQ OJ) h])ud dlnlIlIIlic- 1 d~jiry Ctlllr 1

DJilY Sci j l)~ l 64 62 -7IJ

l2 Washhurn Smiddot r Siv iil W J Rrtlvmiddot[t C I-I

McDwit1 B 1 1iAllill1 - J TlLmb ill rcpJocllKtiv [J-rfrlJIWlcT JII )OlllhlJ~It_ Ji1

lIol((tll and le-rsl-Y Dill IKJ(h J f)liry Sci 2U02 ~5 24d251

lJ lvuorv lZ JJ jmiddotU(llIilY J V Dr~)llJ W I Effects of 111( ~c gt tJ( pmiddotfJ llc( cMl~ lrI

postpilrrUIll milk pIImiddotfductioll Hlcl rcrroLiucLiort

ill dallY callie I I) illv SI 1()t)L is J shy

18W

14 Rry D E Hllbh T j -111[ HHlt I) V

~~aQn and ll (Cllion 1llll1ber (I feeL on JIli It-- produllion unu rtprodllditlll nf (biry (alitC in

Ari7nnl J l)liry Ii lt)j 7~21)7()-29f

I) Ulhcr I lJ I-lllrlLTillli j J Eilibryo de1111

rsulti[tg CrouJ 11 jr(~ iHi lmiddotfirll)(IH Oil

~JX~I-IllmiddotH071l 01 ()~I1 Ilim S i IC)() ( ~71-577

1( JOIdall C R Sd-JI~d(11 Iv J l)llI[ I Hels(I1IlCI A [middotIIl)lmiddot(~-- KI 1 i

COlllpmiddotlrloOll uJ lgtmiddotl li)lled tlrilil~id

i lJ s(nlinClri-fl1 (TJ1 pr(l()(ollt tnr IlllmwrIIl~1l1

of fil Iliiminlion ~lLI[1(tllll1 1 J)liry -i 2002~ S 1 (j()2-l nos

n C(cI1l1i11 J []-ZadnUII)- S I Llenlt) Il~ Rozell T C Smjlh J r (( jl~n )l lLmlivc [

hreedl1l PlOlOd)[ Irll- delil-Y c i(p()~ld (-J

1--ilvallJ WIIlLll1 l[lljlldtUI middotC IK11[1 UJ 111(1

c(llvin~ Or- buOl J I Iil Y i )O() I ~ l 7(19shyX(j(L

h Ingl~ll~lm R H S(dliky R W W~I~cllCr V f

Rrlnli()i1~hil) nf Ilri~(ll)r llld IlllliLlilv If)

C(Jn~LpliilI1 11 111 lldlIill C(W ill Ili J ))wry Sli_ l (( --f 2i-( zno_

I () klfl V CllOl)llJlll in ]IlJiTlJil Illllli)ll i

leV - I ~lJ II I q I - (

2(1 KHlIl t ll I 11( bull 111111

kSOlI ill l lllln llUI I lln

ElculIJiln jl~lmiddot 1 ))CL

18

Nr~c The role (1f ClJrorlliurri ][I animal21shylullirion COIIllllitxmiddot on Animal NLirrill(1lJ -thi 11 glOIi DC Jiltiolli-ti

caJn-I of ScicllcC-gt-il[lonal ReseClrch

Council 1997

RUIlurI f L Ke-j1lIi rVl j-lt 1 Kilpi 1 S U f 5(J2 R l 1lttgUlatiort of L-clecLin arid eel] g Oil tmvllltmiddot nClItrupltiis by g-l ucocortlcoilh EffecI or corrisol 1Ild deKitlTwth1S0JlC J LCllk HiuL 19()pound) ~ S ~1 )1

1) JlIrlorl J L Ivlallard [I A rvl~wnt D N EJrc~h or suppk m(l1tal cillOrlliUrll on

iTrllllUnc IrmiddotS[J()nse- ~ of pelipaltll ricnt tlCJd

carly la~Llli()1l Jairy cov J Anim ~ci

19 1jJ 71 15J2

24 (inllllrntJ [~ R fJi oloy or lipid-related ITIC[ilhntlc di sorders in [Criparmrient dairy cmmiddots 1 D)iry i 1993 76~ 38~2-J896

2) CnnC3 1 T Ertgt J [ ~ Scarlerf J PaLh

iHlU lysi s Im seven l-lu)LJilrtUll1 disonler- uC Hulsllil) i( ~ I l)liry Sci 199J 7()

I ~U)- I 11 2

2( Cuppock C L EnClgi nutritlon and

)flcllbol~Slll 01 fhe 1l-~IMirlg duiry COv

J Dair) Sci 1985 6gmiddot )4()3-_HHl

27 Co l ier JZ J IVllNulTlara J P IaI18ce C R IJdlOlf rl H A l-vic-v u[ ~CHlUCri JJC

regulation ot metabolisll1 during lacratioll J [lilli sci ()~1 51) middotV)g-S 1O

28 Debr1S 12 CJizucj I i na E Tcssc-raud S C](ilmprcdnll C Aml) iVI Insulin

~eI1SrlVlly Jnd re~ron-1enes) Juring ideratioll and uy peJilJd in guats Am 1 pilleiol I (JS9 ]5(1 29)-02

29 011lU H Nakai L Korrda 1 lerashimltl Y Insu lin rcspOTl jvlncs LU glucusl and li osuc lCspon)lel1~s ro in~ulill ill l Ictali l) p1e2ll1ll ~ j rrd n(l1pr~gnlIll

liunla~ t l jl l bed COmiddotmiddot 1 Anim )Cl

19JI W 1122 1127

lt- ~c Jlitf bulld Pe~ ltlf h Council U [ I L n( Fcq1I 1middott1llenL ()C I )ome-I I C

Animals 7 revi(( middot cdliJoll - lIir1 i[(II

DC --mc 200 j

31 AOAC ASSOClUlion (r Otf[lj~tl nllyll11

17 ilCilerTli-ts Official l1elhod of iTIIIYI~ cditrorL Wahingroll DC ]0( 2()()()

T2 Varl Soest P J Robcrbon T I~ [A Vj Ii i Vle ll)()(b for dielarytibN Il c lllr~d i1clergl l)l fjber and nonltlarch POIY~(ilcha riJ( III

relalion to animal tlmrilioll middot J j)lilY u

1lt)r I 74 Y)8J-]597 ~~ V(iss V P E Li rm Ling ilVlildbk~ cncqry

COJltent of ked fur ddilY 1llrl- J fJ)iry ci 1lt)09~ 81 ~30~J9

J4 M~lJst L E v1cDmvti1 P F floo( II 1 W rtf~cr of Sutl)J[lcr llllllCImiddot on

perfOmltlnCeof llo1 sIcin C(JS in Ir~ lirllc sage u llaclalioD J Dairy Sci 1(n 55 133-1 YJ

35 SS ll~~cr guide St~tisric (trY r~( S )

ln st lilL~ 1098

36 Johnson H D Bi()eli1llal~~ IIHI liv lmk III

John oll II D (lt1 GloclirrIC)lUilgy arll1 jill

1JIJllt1tioli of Jivl~Lp(k mslndllll ltthedll1cls EJsmiddotiLT S~llT1(X lIhll-Jlne

HV19iHt

37 Collier R J Beede 0 K Tatchcr r 1 [ ld

L A ViJcQ C J IntlllcrCcS of l r y iIO(OI [l1

and its lTIodifi LiILioll on cbiry ~ lllimlr hGl ll

and prodnctioll J Dtlir) Sci 19~2 ()i 22Ushy2227

]ji AI-HaiJary A A Iogilai I A AIh~lilh 11 Tlw cHeer of heat srrcio 011 milk pnxlucli oll llId ltOll1e lllem-IOfeg1l1atory rcspofllt( of high proulJci [g Holstein cJtitt i 11 erni - l1 itl environment J of King Saud Uni A il ri Sci 20(J1 14 5-54

39 iI-Haiclary Alsogk[ir blt) Iil1 M Influence of Jl iHin su ppkrlh~ri (ion )I)

thermoregu lawry respOllseS Jnli r~rr()fIT)II1CC

ut- HOJsTC~1l caclle ULilillg the urrlrllcr 1f1lf1til

J of King Sltlud Urliv AgJ i S~I 211)J~ 1-

J-S

JOYlllg V 7 i) D N Sl ~ I y tI ~ I I ~ I

1lt r flec I pI lhromillnl ~Ippk I)Wllt l i 11 11I1

19

rlrly lact~l(lOn p-Iiorm-lme ()f Holstein C()I gt C~n J Anim Sli 1996 yl~ 2~ J ~

230

middot11 Jbvirli i [ifnl1lcr D H BllLics S J Sock ~1 T Crummer R R Effec l ur cil[omillln suppJenlcilWtion on proJuc1ion 111M rmlabo lie paramclc[s i ll

peripmtlic1lt dairy cows J Dairy Sci

2(jO I t4 l2 1~-1230

middotr 1 Saiady tvl y AI-Shaikh M A AIshyMuiarrej S J AI-Shovei][li TA jl(J~mer H H 1 ltJI fJCecl of chLm~d clmHnil1n1 Slppkl1ltn(i(1~ 011 l ilC1alion perrorm~ln r e Hlri huud pa1melers or Hols(in cows

1I1lCkl hCJl ~lres ] Ani Irlal l-ecJ Science allJ Tcd lflO[Ogy 2()()4~ 1 I i~ 123-23 1

-13 Br)) 1 A Socha Vi T Tomtinsol D J Url~CI of upplLmeming ird ell~dy grltllcd ble gC18tlOll and early hlcrarioll dairy c(m~ virh c hrum iullI-L-f11Clhi()linc Jshy[)ii IY ~ii 200 8()fSllppll ) abs(Jcr

f 1 ~ II ~l A (c d ) 1 mldll L The in Il l le l kT of c~l ll) m iUlI) ~lI PjJkll1llllCili DJI

(in Ill(-Whoi i fll performaTlce Jl1 d

rL~irojllClioll of ~biry covs in a herri with

inlcaitu U(I~ilITence oj kltosis ( tech J AlIilTl-Ll Sci 2()Ctl -189 J4()-~-i~

45 Lin (k1lannlVl I) Vood C )1 I brpu j

r KUIIKpoundLY ~ T i[Jck lso t) I A Diccal) chl~lntUm picolil1mc 1dJilJU[IS improve

gli II [eed md lClrC t~S chWlClni li c~ tl)

glvvi)g -ti ll i chirlg pigs 1no increIc litter

ir ill Ierroducill~ S()V~ J oni rn Sci 19lt) n 457-i(ii

16 Spllmiddot c I J Ldltcmal11p S E 11( (lv illi m and i nol l lio li v e()Illl filctot sy~l f m ilh

111 1~ lnIJ hl~ [ 011 clorntstir i1r1irnJo U~ il JC I Allin Encionin(l 1995 12

17 lir1mmorO ) i CO~~ N 1 r1lt)()rc A H F x()gcnou~ ill-llii rt J[lii ddittoll al el1C~rgy

ltiffcZ( folliClll ~ir di-lrihll(iOll (ill iClllar knllLl

~oJ)cc nrf1tioll s ([11 gr1llltln1 cell hll l llill

lIwnollir gIJnaJrJlnif1i 11 hi nt iIll i II ~ill B io Hpmd 1990 ~ middot13 l -7

1K Cox N ~1 Slultlr( 11 J Alhcll T (i IkllllCU W A Miller H V Cnllllf lllenl or UVUI ll iOII rak

ill gillS by inciea~irt dicl1JY cllcrgymd administering insuli[1 during jolllcliar llovth J Anim ~ci 1987 64 5U7 --lh

Page 7: . CONTENTS - Sudan University of Science and Technology · contents . editorial . advertising policy . forum editorial . flu vaccine and hajj implications . article . 1. reproduction

RLFLRElCES

I I-llistrons I) V Hear tre- ill~erac(ioll~

i-ilb slt)(k laquo[Ii cooling J Dliry S~i

1994 77 2044-2050

2_ Thatcher V -V_ Effects of ~ea~oll climate

clllU 1tl1lptTC1ture on repmuudioJ wKI

lacLaLioll J Dairy SLi 1)74 57 360middot-J6o

~ luqua) J V Hlal ~lrcss l- il afr~cb

iHli m1 pro(luctiol1 J Anim ~Gi 11 52 1(i1 J71

4 Clzd~HI~kas F C Effects of climat 011

I(pmdlldioll i II cmt1l~ J DCii I) Sci I I)~) ()i) 1)6S- Ll7X

5 l -bllicll P r Arechiga C F SLraLefie~ Ior

[)~nq~Lng reprocludion III lh~ h(~8middot

[l middotcsscLi [jar 1) [0 J Daify Sci I ()())~ -12

i7 ~)-)n

(IVnlrCII~()11 0 I~ oth I middotI~II1l I~

1mpllled rtproduc Iion iTl tleaL-Lres~d

middotcl(llc Ikl middotk laquole [Iplicd ~l~pCc( i-irl1

P-cpmcl Si_ ~)()() ()Omiddot-lt) I ~35middot-~47

-- R udctlge J J he 01 em hry() Irall -fef W(J

[V 1- 10 bypas~ dfl~CLS ui ltCdl slTC~

ThlJ iugolwlog 700 1 55 J ()() 1 I l

~ H~t)JC[l r J Drost ]1 RivCcii R M Palllci LI)I)~ ji 1- J KarHl ~llli Y 1 u 11 _ (iV(ISC impact or ilLI[ slre--middot Of) ulibryo pmrillLliol1 CpoundU-ilS ClJ1l1 SIriilColl- fl) mi Li 1la(lUIJ Thnluglt1l01ogy OO I 5 91 i 1)3

() I~ 1- NtlULy r D I~s~[) Ci A 5lkl)1 1 1J r llCC ( of jC 2l~()l1 ltlI1d level ui pluh1 ion 011 hC)llillltllI~~iCill vllJeS in Tl)[-I~irl ((1-

111amp111 T_niliL Sli 1 yg(-i Sh ~~11 ~i I

(I LAI J l~lJl ll D ReitHyl F F IIL _I

(11 kmpE l-alUI~ sC HSOl1 OJl bomiddoti fie lmiddotidlIMl

L()J li~d tlJllion blood c~ll prnfi k JII

m i l l prltdlllilIl I l)middot)iIY ~c iiIgt i) - O-I-l 1)

ILI L I U-L I U l ~ o~ ll_- f( I U I-I i ()111-[1[1]0 ~i(II awl

h(YQ OJ) h])ud dlnlIlIIlic- 1 d~jiry Ctlllr 1

DJilY Sci j l)~ l 64 62 -7IJ

l2 Washhurn Smiddot r Siv iil W J Rrtlvmiddot[t C I-I

McDwit1 B 1 1iAllill1 - J TlLmb ill rcpJocllKtiv [J-rfrlJIWlcT JII )OlllhlJ~It_ Ji1

lIol((tll and le-rsl-Y Dill IKJ(h J f)liry Sci 2U02 ~5 24d251

lJ lvuorv lZ JJ jmiddotU(llIilY J V Dr~)llJ W I Effects of 111( ~c gt tJ( pmiddotfJ llc( cMl~ lrI

postpilrrUIll milk pIImiddotfductioll Hlcl rcrroLiucLiort

ill dallY callie I I) illv SI 1()t)L is J shy

18W

14 Rry D E Hllbh T j -111[ HHlt I) V

~~aQn and ll (Cllion 1llll1ber (I feeL on JIli It-- produllion unu rtprodllditlll nf (biry (alitC in

Ari7nnl J l)liry Ii lt)j 7~21)7()-29f

I) Ulhcr I lJ I-lllrlLTillli j J Eilibryo de1111

rsulti[tg CrouJ 11 jr(~ iHi lmiddotfirll)(IH Oil

~JX~I-IllmiddotH071l 01 ()~I1 Ilim S i IC)() ( ~71-577

1( JOIdall C R Sd-JI~d(11 Iv J l)llI[ I Hels(I1IlCI A [middotIIl)lmiddot(~-- KI 1 i

COlllpmiddotlrloOll uJ lgtmiddotl li)lled tlrilil~id

i lJ s(nlinClri-fl1 (TJ1 pr(l()(ollt tnr IlllmwrIIl~1l1

of fil Iliiminlion ~lLI[1(tllll1 1 J)liry -i 2002~ S 1 (j()2-l nos

n C(cI1l1i11 J []-ZadnUII)- S I Llenlt) Il~ Rozell T C Smjlh J r (( jl~n )l lLmlivc [

hreedl1l PlOlOd)[ Irll- delil-Y c i(p()~ld (-J

1--ilvallJ WIIlLll1 l[lljlldtUI middotC IK11[1 UJ 111(1

c(llvin~ Or- buOl J I Iil Y i )O() I ~ l 7(19shyX(j(L

h Ingl~ll~lm R H S(dliky R W W~I~cllCr V f

Rrlnli()i1~hil) nf Ilri~(ll)r llld IlllliLlilv If)

C(Jn~LpliilI1 11 111 lldlIill C(W ill Ili J ))wry Sli_ l (( --f 2i-( zno_

I () klfl V CllOl)llJlll in ]IlJiTlJil Illllli)ll i

leV - I ~lJ II I q I - (

2(1 KHlIl t ll I 11( bull 111111

kSOlI ill l lllln llUI I lln

ElculIJiln jl~lmiddot 1 ))CL

18

Nr~c The role (1f ClJrorlliurri ][I animal21shylullirion COIIllllitxmiddot on Animal NLirrill(1lJ -thi 11 glOIi DC Jiltiolli-ti

caJn-I of ScicllcC-gt-il[lonal ReseClrch

Council 1997

RUIlurI f L Ke-j1lIi rVl j-lt 1 Kilpi 1 S U f 5(J2 R l 1lttgUlatiort of L-clecLin arid eel] g Oil tmvllltmiddot nClItrupltiis by g-l ucocortlcoilh EffecI or corrisol 1Ild deKitlTwth1S0JlC J LCllk HiuL 19()pound) ~ S ~1 )1

1) JlIrlorl J L Ivlallard [I A rvl~wnt D N EJrc~h or suppk m(l1tal cillOrlliUrll on

iTrllllUnc IrmiddotS[J()nse- ~ of pelipaltll ricnt tlCJd

carly la~Llli()1l Jairy cov J Anim ~ci

19 1jJ 71 15J2

24 (inllllrntJ [~ R fJi oloy or lipid-related ITIC[ilhntlc di sorders in [Criparmrient dairy cmmiddots 1 D)iry i 1993 76~ 38~2-J896

2) CnnC3 1 T Ertgt J [ ~ Scarlerf J PaLh

iHlU lysi s Im seven l-lu)LJilrtUll1 disonler- uC Hulsllil) i( ~ I l)liry Sci 199J 7()

I ~U)- I 11 2

2( Cuppock C L EnClgi nutritlon and

)flcllbol~Slll 01 fhe 1l-~IMirlg duiry COv

J Dair) Sci 1985 6gmiddot )4()3-_HHl

27 Co l ier JZ J IVllNulTlara J P IaI18ce C R IJdlOlf rl H A l-vic-v u[ ~CHlUCri JJC

regulation ot metabolisll1 during lacratioll J [lilli sci ()~1 51) middotV)g-S 1O

28 Debr1S 12 CJizucj I i na E Tcssc-raud S C](ilmprcdnll C Aml) iVI Insulin

~eI1SrlVlly Jnd re~ron-1enes) Juring ideratioll and uy peJilJd in guats Am 1 pilleiol I (JS9 ]5(1 29)-02

29 011lU H Nakai L Korrda 1 lerashimltl Y Insu lin rcspOTl jvlncs LU glucusl and li osuc lCspon)lel1~s ro in~ulill ill l Ictali l) p1e2ll1ll ~ j rrd n(l1pr~gnlIll

liunla~ t l jl l bed COmiddotmiddot 1 Anim )Cl

19JI W 1122 1127

lt- ~c Jlitf bulld Pe~ ltlf h Council U [ I L n( Fcq1I 1middott1llenL ()C I )ome-I I C

Animals 7 revi(( middot cdliJoll - lIir1 i[(II

DC --mc 200 j

31 AOAC ASSOClUlion (r Otf[lj~tl nllyll11

17 ilCilerTli-ts Official l1elhod of iTIIIYI~ cditrorL Wahingroll DC ]0( 2()()()

T2 Varl Soest P J Robcrbon T I~ [A Vj Ii i Vle ll)()(b for dielarytibN Il c lllr~d i1clergl l)l fjber and nonltlarch POIY~(ilcha riJ( III

relalion to animal tlmrilioll middot J j)lilY u

1lt)r I 74 Y)8J-]597 ~~ V(iss V P E Li rm Ling ilVlildbk~ cncqry

COJltent of ked fur ddilY 1llrl- J fJ)iry ci 1lt)09~ 81 ~30~J9

J4 M~lJst L E v1cDmvti1 P F floo( II 1 W rtf~cr of Sutl)J[lcr llllllCImiddot on

perfOmltlnCeof llo1 sIcin C(JS in Ir~ lirllc sage u llaclalioD J Dairy Sci 1(n 55 133-1 YJ

35 SS ll~~cr guide St~tisric (trY r~( S )

ln st lilL~ 1098

36 Johnson H D Bi()eli1llal~~ IIHI liv lmk III

John oll II D (lt1 GloclirrIC)lUilgy arll1 jill

1JIJllt1tioli of Jivl~Lp(k mslndllll ltthedll1cls EJsmiddotiLT S~llT1(X lIhll-Jlne

HV19iHt

37 Collier R J Beede 0 K Tatchcr r 1 [ ld

L A ViJcQ C J IntlllcrCcS of l r y iIO(OI [l1

and its lTIodifi LiILioll on cbiry ~ lllimlr hGl ll

and prodnctioll J Dtlir) Sci 19~2 ()i 22Ushy2227

]ji AI-HaiJary A A Iogilai I A AIh~lilh 11 Tlw cHeer of heat srrcio 011 milk pnxlucli oll llId ltOll1e lllem-IOfeg1l1atory rcspofllt( of high proulJci [g Holstein cJtitt i 11 erni - l1 itl environment J of King Saud Uni A il ri Sci 20(J1 14 5-54

39 iI-Haiclary Alsogk[ir blt) Iil1 M Influence of Jl iHin su ppkrlh~ri (ion )I)

thermoregu lawry respOllseS Jnli r~rr()fIT)II1CC

ut- HOJsTC~1l caclle ULilillg the urrlrllcr 1f1lf1til

J of King Sltlud Urliv AgJ i S~I 211)J~ 1-

J-S

JOYlllg V 7 i) D N Sl ~ I y tI ~ I I ~ I

1lt r flec I pI lhromillnl ~Ippk I)Wllt l i 11 11I1

19

rlrly lact~l(lOn p-Iiorm-lme ()f Holstein C()I gt C~n J Anim Sli 1996 yl~ 2~ J ~

230

middot11 Jbvirli i [ifnl1lcr D H BllLics S J Sock ~1 T Crummer R R Effec l ur cil[omillln suppJenlcilWtion on proJuc1ion 111M rmlabo lie paramclc[s i ll

peripmtlic1lt dairy cows J Dairy Sci

2(jO I t4 l2 1~-1230

middotr 1 Saiady tvl y AI-Shaikh M A AIshyMuiarrej S J AI-Shovei][li TA jl(J~mer H H 1 ltJI fJCecl of chLm~d clmHnil1n1 Slppkl1ltn(i(1~ 011 l ilC1alion perrorm~ln r e Hlri huud pa1melers or Hols(in cows

1I1lCkl hCJl ~lres ] Ani Irlal l-ecJ Science allJ Tcd lflO[Ogy 2()()4~ 1 I i~ 123-23 1

-13 Br)) 1 A Socha Vi T Tomtinsol D J Url~CI of upplLmeming ird ell~dy grltllcd ble gC18tlOll and early hlcrarioll dairy c(m~ virh c hrum iullI-L-f11Clhi()linc Jshy[)ii IY ~ii 200 8()fSllppll ) abs(Jcr

f 1 ~ II ~l A (c d ) 1 mldll L The in Il l le l kT of c~l ll) m iUlI) ~lI PjJkll1llllCili DJI

(in Ill(-Whoi i fll performaTlce Jl1 d

rL~irojllClioll of ~biry covs in a herri with

inlcaitu U(I~ilITence oj kltosis ( tech J AlIilTl-Ll Sci 2()Ctl -189 J4()-~-i~

45 Lin (k1lannlVl I) Vood C )1 I brpu j

r KUIIKpoundLY ~ T i[Jck lso t) I A Diccal) chl~lntUm picolil1mc 1dJilJU[IS improve

gli II [eed md lClrC t~S chWlClni li c~ tl)

glvvi)g -ti ll i chirlg pigs 1no increIc litter

ir ill Ierroducill~ S()V~ J oni rn Sci 19lt) n 457-i(ii

16 Spllmiddot c I J Ldltcmal11p S E 11( (lv illi m and i nol l lio li v e()Illl filctot sy~l f m ilh

111 1~ lnIJ hl~ [ 011 clorntstir i1r1irnJo U~ il JC I Allin Encionin(l 1995 12

17 lir1mmorO ) i CO~~ N 1 r1lt)()rc A H F x()gcnou~ ill-llii rt J[lii ddittoll al el1C~rgy

ltiffcZ( folliClll ~ir di-lrihll(iOll (ill iClllar knllLl

~oJ)cc nrf1tioll s ([11 gr1llltln1 cell hll l llill

lIwnollir gIJnaJrJlnif1i 11 hi nt iIll i II ~ill B io Hpmd 1990 ~ middot13 l -7

1K Cox N ~1 Slultlr( 11 J Alhcll T (i IkllllCU W A Miller H V Cnllllf lllenl or UVUI ll iOII rak

ill gillS by inciea~irt dicl1JY cllcrgymd administering insuli[1 during jolllcliar llovth J Anim ~ci 1987 64 5U7 --lh

Page 8: . CONTENTS - Sudan University of Science and Technology · contents . editorial . advertising policy . forum editorial . flu vaccine and hajj implications . article . 1. reproduction

Nr~c The role (1f ClJrorlliurri ][I animal21shylullirion COIIllllitxmiddot on Animal NLirrill(1lJ -thi 11 glOIi DC Jiltiolli-ti

caJn-I of ScicllcC-gt-il[lonal ReseClrch

Council 1997

RUIlurI f L Ke-j1lIi rVl j-lt 1 Kilpi 1 S U f 5(J2 R l 1lttgUlatiort of L-clecLin arid eel] g Oil tmvllltmiddot nClItrupltiis by g-l ucocortlcoilh EffecI or corrisol 1Ild deKitlTwth1S0JlC J LCllk HiuL 19()pound) ~ S ~1 )1

1) JlIrlorl J L Ivlallard [I A rvl~wnt D N EJrc~h or suppk m(l1tal cillOrlliUrll on

iTrllllUnc IrmiddotS[J()nse- ~ of pelipaltll ricnt tlCJd

carly la~Llli()1l Jairy cov J Anim ~ci

19 1jJ 71 15J2

24 (inllllrntJ [~ R fJi oloy or lipid-related ITIC[ilhntlc di sorders in [Criparmrient dairy cmmiddots 1 D)iry i 1993 76~ 38~2-J896

2) CnnC3 1 T Ertgt J [ ~ Scarlerf J PaLh

iHlU lysi s Im seven l-lu)LJilrtUll1 disonler- uC Hulsllil) i( ~ I l)liry Sci 199J 7()

I ~U)- I 11 2

2( Cuppock C L EnClgi nutritlon and

)flcllbol~Slll 01 fhe 1l-~IMirlg duiry COv

J Dair) Sci 1985 6gmiddot )4()3-_HHl

27 Co l ier JZ J IVllNulTlara J P IaI18ce C R IJdlOlf rl H A l-vic-v u[ ~CHlUCri JJC

regulation ot metabolisll1 during lacratioll J [lilli sci ()~1 51) middotV)g-S 1O

28 Debr1S 12 CJizucj I i na E Tcssc-raud S C](ilmprcdnll C Aml) iVI Insulin

~eI1SrlVlly Jnd re~ron-1enes) Juring ideratioll and uy peJilJd in guats Am 1 pilleiol I (JS9 ]5(1 29)-02

29 011lU H Nakai L Korrda 1 lerashimltl Y Insu lin rcspOTl jvlncs LU glucusl and li osuc lCspon)lel1~s ro in~ulill ill l Ictali l) p1e2ll1ll ~ j rrd n(l1pr~gnlIll

liunla~ t l jl l bed COmiddotmiddot 1 Anim )Cl

19JI W 1122 1127

lt- ~c Jlitf bulld Pe~ ltlf h Council U [ I L n( Fcq1I 1middott1llenL ()C I )ome-I I C

Animals 7 revi(( middot cdliJoll - lIir1 i[(II

DC --mc 200 j

31 AOAC ASSOClUlion (r Otf[lj~tl nllyll11

17 ilCilerTli-ts Official l1elhod of iTIIIYI~ cditrorL Wahingroll DC ]0( 2()()()

T2 Varl Soest P J Robcrbon T I~ [A Vj Ii i Vle ll)()(b for dielarytibN Il c lllr~d i1clergl l)l fjber and nonltlarch POIY~(ilcha riJ( III

relalion to animal tlmrilioll middot J j)lilY u

1lt)r I 74 Y)8J-]597 ~~ V(iss V P E Li rm Ling ilVlildbk~ cncqry

COJltent of ked fur ddilY 1llrl- J fJ)iry ci 1lt)09~ 81 ~30~J9

J4 M~lJst L E v1cDmvti1 P F floo( II 1 W rtf~cr of Sutl)J[lcr llllllCImiddot on

perfOmltlnCeof llo1 sIcin C(JS in Ir~ lirllc sage u llaclalioD J Dairy Sci 1(n 55 133-1 YJ

35 SS ll~~cr guide St~tisric (trY r~( S )

ln st lilL~ 1098

36 Johnson H D Bi()eli1llal~~ IIHI liv lmk III

John oll II D (lt1 GloclirrIC)lUilgy arll1 jill

1JIJllt1tioli of Jivl~Lp(k mslndllll ltthedll1cls EJsmiddotiLT S~llT1(X lIhll-Jlne

HV19iHt

37 Collier R J Beede 0 K Tatchcr r 1 [ ld

L A ViJcQ C J IntlllcrCcS of l r y iIO(OI [l1

and its lTIodifi LiILioll on cbiry ~ lllimlr hGl ll

and prodnctioll J Dtlir) Sci 19~2 ()i 22Ushy2227

]ji AI-HaiJary A A Iogilai I A AIh~lilh 11 Tlw cHeer of heat srrcio 011 milk pnxlucli oll llId ltOll1e lllem-IOfeg1l1atory rcspofllt( of high proulJci [g Holstein cJtitt i 11 erni - l1 itl environment J of King Saud Uni A il ri Sci 20(J1 14 5-54

39 iI-Haiclary Alsogk[ir blt) Iil1 M Influence of Jl iHin su ppkrlh~ri (ion )I)

thermoregu lawry respOllseS Jnli r~rr()fIT)II1CC

ut- HOJsTC~1l caclle ULilillg the urrlrllcr 1f1lf1til

J of King Sltlud Urliv AgJ i S~I 211)J~ 1-

J-S

JOYlllg V 7 i) D N Sl ~ I y tI ~ I I ~ I

1lt r flec I pI lhromillnl ~Ippk I)Wllt l i 11 11I1

19

rlrly lact~l(lOn p-Iiorm-lme ()f Holstein C()I gt C~n J Anim Sli 1996 yl~ 2~ J ~

230

middot11 Jbvirli i [ifnl1lcr D H BllLics S J Sock ~1 T Crummer R R Effec l ur cil[omillln suppJenlcilWtion on proJuc1ion 111M rmlabo lie paramclc[s i ll

peripmtlic1lt dairy cows J Dairy Sci

2(jO I t4 l2 1~-1230

middotr 1 Saiady tvl y AI-Shaikh M A AIshyMuiarrej S J AI-Shovei][li TA jl(J~mer H H 1 ltJI fJCecl of chLm~d clmHnil1n1 Slppkl1ltn(i(1~ 011 l ilC1alion perrorm~ln r e Hlri huud pa1melers or Hols(in cows

1I1lCkl hCJl ~lres ] Ani Irlal l-ecJ Science allJ Tcd lflO[Ogy 2()()4~ 1 I i~ 123-23 1

-13 Br)) 1 A Socha Vi T Tomtinsol D J Url~CI of upplLmeming ird ell~dy grltllcd ble gC18tlOll and early hlcrarioll dairy c(m~ virh c hrum iullI-L-f11Clhi()linc Jshy[)ii IY ~ii 200 8()fSllppll ) abs(Jcr

f 1 ~ II ~l A (c d ) 1 mldll L The in Il l le l kT of c~l ll) m iUlI) ~lI PjJkll1llllCili DJI

(in Ill(-Whoi i fll performaTlce Jl1 d

rL~irojllClioll of ~biry covs in a herri with

inlcaitu U(I~ilITence oj kltosis ( tech J AlIilTl-Ll Sci 2()Ctl -189 J4()-~-i~

45 Lin (k1lannlVl I) Vood C )1 I brpu j

r KUIIKpoundLY ~ T i[Jck lso t) I A Diccal) chl~lntUm picolil1mc 1dJilJU[IS improve

gli II [eed md lClrC t~S chWlClni li c~ tl)

glvvi)g -ti ll i chirlg pigs 1no increIc litter

ir ill Ierroducill~ S()V~ J oni rn Sci 19lt) n 457-i(ii

16 Spllmiddot c I J Ldltcmal11p S E 11( (lv illi m and i nol l lio li v e()Illl filctot sy~l f m ilh

111 1~ lnIJ hl~ [ 011 clorntstir i1r1irnJo U~ il JC I Allin Encionin(l 1995 12

17 lir1mmorO ) i CO~~ N 1 r1lt)()rc A H F x()gcnou~ ill-llii rt J[lii ddittoll al el1C~rgy

ltiffcZ( folliClll ~ir di-lrihll(iOll (ill iClllar knllLl

~oJ)cc nrf1tioll s ([11 gr1llltln1 cell hll l llill

lIwnollir gIJnaJrJlnif1i 11 hi nt iIll i II ~ill B io Hpmd 1990 ~ middot13 l -7

1K Cox N ~1 Slultlr( 11 J Alhcll T (i IkllllCU W A Miller H V Cnllllf lllenl or UVUI ll iOII rak

ill gillS by inciea~irt dicl1JY cllcrgymd administering insuli[1 during jolllcliar llovth J Anim ~ci 1987 64 5U7 --lh

Page 9: . CONTENTS - Sudan University of Science and Technology · contents . editorial . advertising policy . forum editorial . flu vaccine and hajj implications . article . 1. reproduction

rlrly lact~l(lOn p-Iiorm-lme ()f Holstein C()I gt C~n J Anim Sli 1996 yl~ 2~ J ~

230

middot11 Jbvirli i [ifnl1lcr D H BllLics S J Sock ~1 T Crummer R R Effec l ur cil[omillln suppJenlcilWtion on proJuc1ion 111M rmlabo lie paramclc[s i ll

peripmtlic1lt dairy cows J Dairy Sci

2(jO I t4 l2 1~-1230

middotr 1 Saiady tvl y AI-Shaikh M A AIshyMuiarrej S J AI-Shovei][li TA jl(J~mer H H 1 ltJI fJCecl of chLm~d clmHnil1n1 Slppkl1ltn(i(1~ 011 l ilC1alion perrorm~ln r e Hlri huud pa1melers or Hols(in cows

1I1lCkl hCJl ~lres ] Ani Irlal l-ecJ Science allJ Tcd lflO[Ogy 2()()4~ 1 I i~ 123-23 1

-13 Br)) 1 A Socha Vi T Tomtinsol D J Url~CI of upplLmeming ird ell~dy grltllcd ble gC18tlOll and early hlcrarioll dairy c(m~ virh c hrum iullI-L-f11Clhi()linc Jshy[)ii IY ~ii 200 8()fSllppll ) abs(Jcr

f 1 ~ II ~l A (c d ) 1 mldll L The in Il l le l kT of c~l ll) m iUlI) ~lI PjJkll1llllCili DJI

(in Ill(-Whoi i fll performaTlce Jl1 d

rL~irojllClioll of ~biry covs in a herri with

inlcaitu U(I~ilITence oj kltosis ( tech J AlIilTl-Ll Sci 2()Ctl -189 J4()-~-i~

45 Lin (k1lannlVl I) Vood C )1 I brpu j

r KUIIKpoundLY ~ T i[Jck lso t) I A Diccal) chl~lntUm picolil1mc 1dJilJU[IS improve

gli II [eed md lClrC t~S chWlClni li c~ tl)

glvvi)g -ti ll i chirlg pigs 1no increIc litter

ir ill Ierroducill~ S()V~ J oni rn Sci 19lt) n 457-i(ii

16 Spllmiddot c I J Ldltcmal11p S E 11( (lv illi m and i nol l lio li v e()Illl filctot sy~l f m ilh

111 1~ lnIJ hl~ [ 011 clorntstir i1r1irnJo U~ il JC I Allin Encionin(l 1995 12

17 lir1mmorO ) i CO~~ N 1 r1lt)()rc A H F x()gcnou~ ill-llii rt J[lii ddittoll al el1C~rgy

ltiffcZ( folliClll ~ir di-lrihll(iOll (ill iClllar knllLl

~oJ)cc nrf1tioll s ([11 gr1llltln1 cell hll l llill

lIwnollir gIJnaJrJlnif1i 11 hi nt iIll i II ~ill B io Hpmd 1990 ~ middot13 l -7

1K Cox N ~1 Slultlr( 11 J Alhcll T (i IkllllCU W A Miller H V Cnllllf lllenl or UVUI ll iOII rak

ill gillS by inciea~irt dicl1JY cllcrgymd administering insuli[1 during jolllcliar llovth J Anim ~ci 1987 64 5U7 --lh